Material extrusion printing technology offers a reliable approach to low-cost additive manufacturing of metal materials. In this study, the debinding behaviour and binder composition of CuSn10 parts by material extrusion printing were investigated. The results showed that the binders were completely removed after the green parts were subjected to solvent debinding for 24 h and thermal debinding for 3 h. As the paraffin content rose, the feedstocks exhibited a reduction in viscosity accompanied by enhanced fluidity. The samples with 65 wt.% paraffin had the highest density, hardness and elongation of 7.677 g/cm3, 51.4 HB and 45.8%. The tensile strength reached the maximum value of 263.6 MPa with 70 wt.% paraffin.
LuMShiXLuP, et al.Forming quality and wettability of surface texture on CuSn10 fabricated by laser powder bed fusion. AIP Adv2023; 12: 125114.
2.
ChenTYangLSultanaS, et al.Powder dynamics and molten pool characteristics in laser powder bed fusion of a CuSn10 alloy revealed by multi-dimensional in situ observations. J Mater Res Technol2025; 35: 7362–7370.
3.
KılınçAÇGoktasAAKeskinÖY, et al.Extrusion-Based 3D printing of CuSn10 bronze parts: production and characterization. Metals (Basel)2021; 11: 1774.
4.
ChenTYangLHuangY, et al.The surface morphologies and internal pores evolution of a CuSn10 alloy fabricated by laser powder bed fusion. J Mater Res Technol2024; 31: 898–907.
5.
DengCKangJFengT, et al.Study on the selective Laser melting of CuSn10 powder. Materials (Basel)2018; 11: 614.
6.
FanleiKXiujuanCYuemingL, et al.A novel approach to prepare high density SiC ceramics by powder extrusion printing (PEP) combined with one-step sintering method. J Eur Ceram Soc2024; 44: 626–634.
7.
AgarwalaMKWeerenRBandyopadhyayA, et al.Fused deposition of ceramics and metals: an overview. Proc Solid Free Fab Symp1996; 47: 385–392.
8.
ChenRBrattenARittenhouseJ, et al.Additive manufacturing of complexly shaped SiC with high density via extrusion-based technique-effects of slurry thixotropic behavior and 3D printing parameters. Ceram Int2022; 48: 28444–28454.
9.
JiangLLiuYZhangS, et al.Investigation of microstructural evolution and property optimization of pure tungsten via powder extrusion 3D printing. Int J Refract Met Hard Mater2025; 128: 107088.
10.
ZhangWLiuYWuJ, et al.Control morphology and properties in additive manufacturing of functional gradient cemented carbides for polycrystalline diamond substrates. Int J Refract Met Hard Mater2024; 118: 106445.
11.
OmraneMACôtéRDemersV. Optimization of the printability envelope of low-viscosity powder-binder feedstocks used in material extrusion 3D printing. Rapid Prototyp J2024; 30: 364–377.
12.
KimHKimJKimDY, et al.Material extrusion-based three-dimensional printing of WC-co alloy with a paste prepared by powder coating. Addit Manuf2022; 52: 102679.
13.
HuZLiuYQianZ, et al.The preparation of high-performance 96W-2.7Ni-1.3Fe alloy parts by powder extrusion 3D printing. Mater Sci Eng, A2021; 817: 141417.
14.
RiazATöllnerPAhrendA, et al.Optimization of composite extrusion modeling process parameters for 3D printing of low-alloy steel AISI 8740 using metal injection moulding feedstock. Mater Des2022; 219: 110814.
15.
AkhoundiBModanlooV. Investigating the mechanical properties of sintered 44° C stainless steel produced by an extrusion-based 3D printer. Eng Res Express2024; 6: 015005.
16.
RiazATöllnerPDreierT, et al.Optimization of the extrusion rate for different layer thicknesses to achieve controlled mechanical properties in MEX 3D printing of low-alloy steel. J Manuf Process2024; 120: 1075–1086.
17.
HadianAFrickeMLierschA, et al.Material extrusion additive manufacturing of zirconia parts using powder injection molding feedstock compositions. Addit Manuf2022; 57: 102966.
18.
ForstnerTCholewaSDrummerD. Influence of wax addition on feedstock processing behavior in additive manufacturing of metals by material extrusion. Prog Addit Manuf2024; 9: 625–632.
19.
CôtéRDemersVDemarquetteNR, et al.A strategy to eliminate interbead defects and improve dimensional accuracy in material extrusion 3D printing of highly filled polymer. Addit Manuf2023; 68: 103509.
20.
LimIYTingCHNgCK, et al.3D Printing of high solid loading zirconia feedstock via screw-based material extrusion. Ceram Int2023; 49: 24852–24860.
21.
KuklaCCanoSKaylaniD, et al.Debinding behaviour of feedstock for material extrusion additive manufacturing of zirconia. Powder Metall2019; 62: 196–204.
22.
RaneKBarriereTStranoM. Role of elongational viscosity of feedstock in extrusion-based additive manufacturing of powder-binder mixtures. Int J Adv Manuf Technol2020; 107: 4389–4402.
23.
JinKLiGWeiB, et al.Preparation of Bronze (CuSn10) parts by material extrusion process using paraffin-based binder. J Mater Eng Perform2025; 34: 5155–5166.
24.
KılınçAÇGoktasAAKeskinÖY, et al.Comparison of wear and mechanical properties of cast and 3D printed CuSn10 bronze alloy. Mater Test2023; 65: 764–773.
25.
JinKZhengSLiG, et al.Effect of powder characteristics on the microstructure and performance of CuSn10 parts by material extrusion 3D printing. Mater Sci Technol2024; 40: 1171–1178.
26.
ThavanayagamGPickeringKLSwanJE, et al.Analysis of rheological behaviour of titanium feedstocks formulated with a water-soluble binder system for powder injection moulding. Powder Technol2015; 269: 227–232.
27.
KhakbizMSimchiABagheriR. Analysis of the rheological behavior and stability of 316L stainless steel-TiC powder injection molding feedstock. Mater Sci Eng, A2005; 407: 105–113.
28.
CesaranoJ. A review of robocasting technology. Mater Res Soc Symp - Proc1999; 542: 133–139.
29.
BeranTMulhollandTHenningF, et al.Nozzle clogging factors during fused filament fabrication of spherical particle filled polymers. Addit Manuf2018; 23: 206–214.
30.
GhasemiMobarakehLCanoSMomeniV, et al.Effect of increased powder-binder adhesion by backbone grafting on the properties of feedstocks for ceramic injection molding. Polymers (Basel)2022; 14: 3653.
31.
YangFWangJWenT, et al.Double-peak age strengthening of an Al-Mg-Si-Zn alloy processed by laser powder bed fusion. J Mater Sci Technol2024; 192: 82–94.
