Restricted accessResearch articleFirst published online 2025-11
A binary synergistic system consisting of a new magnesium phosphate compound and titanium dioxide for improving the flame retardancy and other key properties of ethylene vinyl acetate
Biobased flame-retardant materials, such as phytic acid (PA), have attracted great interest due to their potential for synthesizing environmentally friendly flame retardant materials. In this study, a novel biobased magnesium phosphate flame retardant, MGPA, was synthesized by reacting PA with magnesium hydroxide (MH). The effects of MGPA and titanium dioxide (TiO2) addition on the flame retardancy, smoke suppression, and key properties of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) composites were investigated. Results revealed that at a 19:1 MGPA to TiO2 ratio, EVA composites experienced a decrease in peak heat release rate (pHRR), total heat release (THR), and total smoke production (TSP) to 209 kW/m², 64 MJ/m², and 9.9 m², respectively. Compared to pure EVA, the EVA/MGPA composite exhibited reductions of 79.7%, 58.4%, and 42.4% in pHRR, THR, and TSP, respectively. Moreover, the EVA/MGPA composite showed improvements in flame potential index (from 0.02 to 0.29), limiting oxygen index (from 17% to 27%), and UL-94 (from No Rated to V-1 level), as well as a significant decrease in light transmittance during flaming combustion. Furthermore, the addition of TiO2 enhanced the hydrophobicity of EVA/MGPA composites while having negligible effects on mechanical properties.
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