Abstract
Previous studies (National Oral Heath Survey (NOHS, 2008)) have indicated that 73% of 12- year-old children in Russia have caries. Prevalence of caries in urban populations is influenced by access to dental care, diet and environmental factors.
Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate caries levels among urban 12-year- olds in Russia over an 18-year period.
Methods: As part of the 3rd NOHS, 3,929 12-year-olds from 13 cities in different Russian regions—Central, North- Western, Southern, Privolzhsky, Ural, Western-Siberia and Eastern-Siberia—were randomly selected and examined in 2016 using WHO (2013) criteria. Dental examinations were performed by calibrated dentists. Caries prevalence, scored by DMFT, was compared between 1998, 2008 and 2016 by using the T-test. Fluoride content in drinking water was measured in all cities. The study was approved by the Ethical Committee of Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry.
Results: The number of caries-free 12-year-olds in different cities varied from 4% to 51% in 1998, from 12% to 53% in 2008, and from 2 to 53% in 2016. Mean DMFT values were 2.97±0.22, 2.51±0.24 and 2.53±0.27, respectively (p>0.05). The D-component decreased from 1.38±0.17 in 1998 to 1.08±0.16 in 2016 (p>0.05). The mean number of filled and missing teeth decreased from 1.54±0.21 to 1.43±0.18 (p>0.05) and from 0.04±0.01 to 0.02±0.001 (p<0.05), respectively. A decreasing tendency in caries prevalence was observed in Central (fluoride 0.2-0.6 mg/l) and Ural regions (fluoride 0.7 mg/l). Caries prevalence has not changed, and was moderate in Western Siberia (fluoride 0.04- 0.28 mg/l) and low in Eastern Siberia (fluoride 0.28-1.00 mg/l). An increase of DMFT (p<0.001) was observed in Petrozavodsk (North-Western region,1.94±0.16-3.40±0.22) and Maykop (Southern region, 3.24±0.28-4.56±0.36, p<0.01). In Nizhniy Novgorod (Privolzsky region, 4.43±0.26-2.55±0.27) and Volgograd (Southern region, 2.33±0.21-1.79±0.13) caries prevalence levels decreased from high to low (p<0.001) and from moderate to low (p<0.05), respectively. In Murmansk (North-Western region, 2.38±0.21- 2.70±0.40) and Izhevsk (Privolzsky region, 3.22±0.34-2.82±0.40 ) the level of DMFT in 12- year-olds remained moderate (p>0.05). Fluoride concentration in drinking water in these cities is low (0.08-0.26 mg/l).
Conclusion: There was a decrease of DMFT among urban 12-year-olds over 18 years, but with city-specific deviation. These data can be used for monitoring caries experience and as a baseline for planning caries prevention strategy on a regional level.
The presenter of this abstract (3494) received a Colgate Travel Award
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