Alderson, J. C.
and
Wall, D.1993:
Does washback exist
? Applied Linguistics14,
115-129
.
2.
Edgeworth, F. Y.1888:
The statistics of examinations
. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society51,
599-635
.
3.
Foucault, M.1975: Surveiller et punir: naissance de la prison.
Paris: Gallimard
.
4.
Hamp-Lyons, L.1997:
Washback, impact and validity: ethical concerns
. Language Testing14,
295-303
.
5.
Macaulay, T. B.1853: Speeches, parliamentary and miscellaneous.
London: Henry Vizetelly
.
6.
Nairn, A.1980: The reign of ETS: the corporation that makes up minds.
Washington DC: Nader
.
7.
Noyes, E.S. 1963: The National Council on the Testing of English as a Foreign
Language. Unpublished manuscript, College Board Archives.
8.
Shohamy, E.1993: The power of tests: the impact of language tests on teaching
and learning.
Washington DC: National Foreign Language Center
.
9.
Shohamy, E.1999: Language testing: impact. In
Spolsky, B.
, editor, Concise encyclopedia of educational linguistics.
Amsterdam: Elsevier
, 711-714.
10.
Shohamy, E.2000: The power of tests: a critical perspective of the uses of
language tests.
London: Pearson
.
11.
Simner, M. L.1999: Postscript to the Canadian Psychological
Association’s position statement on the TOEFL.
Ottawa: Canadian Psychological Association
.
12.
Spolsky, B.1967: Do they know enough English? In
Wigglesworth, D.
, editor, ATESL selected conference papers.
Washington DC: NAFSA Studies and Papers,
English Language Series
.
13.
Spolsky, B.1995: Measured words: the development of objective language
testing.
Oxford: Oxford University Press
.
14.
Wall, D.1997: Impact and washback in language testing. In
Clapham, C.
and
Corson, D.
, editors, Encyclopedia of language and education. Volume 7:
Language testing and assessment.
Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic
, 291-302.
15.
Wall, D.
and
Alderson, J. C.1993:
Examining washback: the Sri Lankan impact study
. Language Testing10,
41-69
.