Sex differences in jealousy-evoking rival characteristics in the relationship with a supervisor at work were examined in a community sample of 188 individuals from Argentina. Among men, the rivals’ social dominance and communal attributes evoked the most jealousy, followed by physical dominance. Among women, the rival’s communal attributes evoked the most jealousy, followed by social dominance and physical attractiveness. For men physical dominance of the rival and for women physical attractiveness of the rival evoked relatively more jealousy, especially among those high in intrasexual competition and confronted with a same-sex supervisor. When confronted with an opposite-sex supervisor, social comparison orientation was associated with more jealousy in response to rivals with communal attributes.
Ambrose, M.L., Harland, L.K., & Kulik, C.T. ( 1991). Influence of social comparisons on perceptions of organizational fairness. Journal of Applied Psychology, 76, 239-246.
2.
Bringle, R.G., & Buunk, B. ( 1985). Jealousy and social behavior. Review of Personality and Social Psychology, 6, 241-264.
3.
Broemer, P., & Diehl, M. ( 2004). Romantic jealousy as a social comparison outcome: When similarity stings. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology , 40, 393-400.
4.
Buss, D.M. ( 1989). Sex differences in human mate preferences: Evolutionary hypotheses tested in 37 cultures. Behavioral & Brain Sciences , 12, 1-49.
5.
Buss, D.M. ( 2000). The dangerous passion: Why jealousy is as necessary as love and sex. New York: Free Press .
6.
Buunk, A.P. ( 1981). Jealousy in sexually open marriages. Alternative Lifestyles, 4, 357-372.
7.
Buunk, A.P. ( 2006). Responses to a happily married other: The role of relationship satisfaction and social comparison orientation. Personal Relationships , 13, 397-409.
8.
Buunk, A.P., Belmonte, J., Peiró, J.M., Zurriaga, R., & Gibbons, F.X. ( 2005). Individual differences in social comparison: Characteristics of the Spanish language scale of social comparison orientation. Revista Latinoamericana de Psicología, 37, 561-581.
9.
Buunk, A.P., Castro Solano, A., Zurriaga, R., & González, P. (in press). Sex differences in the jealousy-evoking effect of rival characteristics: A study in Spain and Argentina. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology.
10.
Buunk, A.P., & Dijkstra, P. ( 2006). The threat of temptation: Extradyadic relationships and jealousy. In D. Perlman & A. L. Vangelisti (Eds.). The Cambridge handbook of personal relationships (pp. 533-556). New York: Cambridge University Press.
11.
Buunk, A.P., & Fischer, M. ( 2009). Individual differences in intrasexual competition. Journal of Evolutionary Psychology, 7, 37-48.
12.
Buunk, A.P., & Gibbons, F.X. ( 2006). Social comparison orientation: A new perspective on those who do and those who don’t compare with others. In S. Guimond (Ed.), Social comparison and social psychology: Understanding cognition, intergroup relations and culture (pp. 15-33). Cambridge , England: Cambridge University Press.
13.
Buunk, A.P., Massar, K., & Dijkstra, P. ( 2007). A social cognitive evolutionary approach to jealousy: The automatic evaluation of one’s romantic rivals. In J. Forgas, M. Haselton, & W. Von Hippel (Eds.). Evolution and the social mind: Evolutionary psychology and social cognition. (pp. 213-228). New York: Psychology Press.
14.
Buunk, A.P., Ybema, J.F., Gibbons, F.X., & Ipenburg, M.L. (2001). The affective consequences of social comparison as related to professional burnout and social comparison orientation. European Journal of Social Psychology, 31, 337-351.
15.
Campbell, A. ( 2002). A mind of her own: The evolutionary psychology of women . New York: Oxford University Press .
16.
Campbell, A. ( 2004). Female competition: Causes, constraints, content, and contexts. The Journal of Sex Research, 41, 16-26.
17.
Cashdan, E. ( 1998). Are men more competitive than women? British Journal of Social Psychology, 37, 213-229.
18.
Clark, M.S., Ouellette, R., Powell, M.C., & Milberg, S. ( 1987). Recipient’s mood, relationship type, and helping . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 53, 93-103.
19.
Colarelli, S.M. ( 2003). No best way: An evolutionary perspective on human resource management. Westport, CT: Praeger .
20.
Dijkstra, P., & Buunk, A.P. ( 2001). Sex differences in the jealousy-evoking nature of a rival’s body build. Evolution and Human Behavior, 22, 335-341.
21.
Dijkstra, P., & Buunk, A.P. ( 2002). Sex differences in the jealousy-evoking effect of rival characteristics. European Journal of Social Psychology, 32, 829-852
22.
Feather, N.T. ( 1994). Attitudes towards high achievers and reactions to their fall: Theory and research concerning tall poppies. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 26, 1-73.
23.
Frank, R.H. ( 1985). Choosing the right pond: Human behavior and the quest for status. New York: Oxford University Press.
24.
Gardner, W.L., Gabriel, S., & Hochschild, L. (2002). When you and I are "we", you are not threatening: The role of self-expansion in social comparison. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 82, 239-251.
25.
Geary, D.C. ( 1998). Male, female: The evolution of human sex differences . Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
26.
Geary, D.C. ( 2005). Evolution of paternal investment. In D. M. Buss (Ed.), The handbook of evolutionary psychology (pp. 483-505). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley .
27.
Gibbons, F.X., & Buunk, A.P. ( 1999). Individual differences in social comparison: Development of a scale of social comparison orientation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 76, 129-142.
28.
Gillen, B. ( 1981). Physical attractiveness: A determinant of two types of goodness. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 7, 277-281.
29.
Graziano, W.G., Jensen-Campbell, L.A., Shebilske, L.J., & Lundgren, S.R. (1993). Social influence, sex differences, and judgments of beauty: Putting the interpersonal back in interpersonal attraction . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 65, 522-531.
30.
Guerrero, L.K., Spitzberg, B.H. & Yoshimura, S.M. ( 2004). Sexual and emotional jealousy. In J. H. Harvey, A. Wenzel, & S. Sprecher. (Eds.), The handbook of sexuality in close relationships (pp 311-345). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
31.
Heilman, M.E., & Saruwatari, L.R. (1979). When beauty is beastly: The effects of appearance and sex on evaluations of job applicants for managerial and nonmanagerial jobs. Organizational Behaviour and Human Performance, 23, 360-372.
32.
Ilies, R., Arvey, R.D., & Bouchard, T.J. (2006). Darwinism, behavioural genetics, and organizational behaviour: A review and agenda for future research . Journal of Organizational Behaviour, 27, 121-141.
33.
Kenrick, D.T., Sadalla, E.K., Groth, G., & Trost, M.R. ( 1990). Evolution, traits and the stages of human courtship: Qualifying the parental investment model. Journal of Personality , 58, 97-117.
34.
Luxen, M.F., & Van de Vijver, F.J.R. (2006). Facial attractiveness, sexual selection, and personal selection: When evolved preferences matter . Journal of Organizational Behaviour, 27, 241-255.
35.
Mumford, M.D. ( 1983). Social comparison theory and the evaluation of peer evaluations: A review and some applied implications. Personnel Psychology , 36, 867-881.
36.
Nicholson, N. ( 1998). How hardwired is human behaviour? Harvard Business Review, 76, 134-147.
37.
Powell, G.N., & Butterfield, D.A. (1989). The ‘good manager’: Did androgyny fare better in the 1980’s? Group & Organization Studies, 14, 216-233.
38.
Ragins, B.R., & Sundstrom, E. ( 1989). Gender and power in organizations. Psychological Bulletin, 105, 51-88.
39.
Rosen, B., & Jerdee, J. ( 1974). The influence of sex role stereotypes on personnel decisions . Journal of Applied Psychology, 59, 511-512.
40.
Salovey, P. ( 1991). Social comparison processes in envy and jealousy. In J. Suls & T. A.Wills (Eds.), Social comparison: Contemporary theory and research (pp. 261-285). Hillsdale NJ: Erlbaum.
41.
Schein, V.E. ( 1973). The relationship between sex role stereotypes and requisite management characteristics. Journal of Applied Psychology , 57, 95-100.
42.
Schmitt, B.H. ( 1988). Social comparison in romantic jealousy. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 14, 374-387.
43.
Schmitt, D.P. ( 2005). Sociosexuality from Argentina to Zimbabwe: A 48-nation study of sex, culture, and strategies of human mating. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 28, 247-311.
Swap, W.C., & Rubin, J.Z. ( 1983). Measurement of interpersonal orientation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 44, 208-219.
46.
Vecchio, R.P. ( 1995). It`s not easy being green: Jealousy and envy in the workplace . In G. R. Ferris (Ed.), Research interpersonal and human resources management (Vol. 13, pp. 201-244). Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
47.
Vecchio, R.P. ( 2000). Negative emotion in the workplace: Employee jealousy and envy. International Journal of Stress Management, 7, 161-179.
48.
Walters, S., & Crawford, C.B. (1994). The importance of mate attraction for intrasexual competition in men and women. Ethnology and Sociobiology, 15, 5-30.
49.
White, G.L., & Mullen, P.E. ( 1989). Jealousy: Theory, research and clinical strategies. New York: Guilford.
50.
Van Yperen, N.W. ( 2003). Task interest and actual performance: The moderating effects of assigned and adopted purpose goals. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85, 1006-1015.
51.
Zuckerman, M., & O’Loughlin, R.E. (2006). Self-enhancement by social comparison: A prospective analysis. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 32, 751-760.
