In effect, this article is a summary of the first part of a larger piece of historical research, which in its entirety concentrates more on the writings of practitioners and interested outsiders. The result of this approach has produced a revised history of the probation service that challenges orthodox accounts, builds on the work of commentators like Bill McWilliams, and reflects on how a focus on practice as opposed to policy discourse renders different meanings to, and understandings of, the development of the concept during the 20th century. This article focuses on the origins and early period of probation history.
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