This article outlines the findings from a small-scale qualitative study of differentially effective departments within a range of secondary schools. It describes the methodology selected for the investigation and considers those factors which contribute to departments being less effective. It is argued that less effective departments have common characteristics, or features, which militate against effective working. The article concludes that different improvement strategies will be required for departments that are at different stages of development and growth.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Bolam, R.
, McMahon, A., Pocklington, K. and Weindling, D. (1993) Effective Management in Schools: A Report for the DfE via the School Management Task Force Professional Working Party. London: HMSO.
2.
Brown, S.
, Duffield, J. and Ridell, S. (1995) `School Effectiveness Research: The Policymakers' Tool for School Improvement', EERA Bulletin1(1): 6-15.
3.
Brown, S.
, Ridell, S. and Duffield, J. (1996) `Possibilities and Problems of Small Scale Studies to Unpack the Findings of Large Scale Studies of School Effectiveness', in J. Gray, D. Reynolds, C.T. Fitzgibbon and D. Jesson (eds) Merging Traditions: The Future of Research on School Effectiveness and School Improvement. London: Cassell.
4.
Cuttance, P.
(1987) Modelling Variation in the Effectiveness of Schooling. CES.
5.
Creemers, B.T.M.
(1992) The Effective Classroom. London: Cassell.
6.
Fitzgibbon, C.T.
(1991) `Multilevel modelling in an indicator system', in S. Raudenbush and J.D. Willms (eds) Schools, Classrooms and Pupils. San Diego: San Diego Academic Press.
7.
Harris, A.
, Jamieson, I.M. and Russ, J. (1995) `A Study of "Effective Departments in Secondary Schools"', School Organization15(3): 283-299.
8.
Hopkins, D.
(1996) `Towards a Theory for School Improvement', in J. Gray, D. Reynolds, C.T. Fitzgibbon and D. Jesson (eds) Merging Traditions: The Future of Research on School Effectiveness and School Improvement. London: Cassell.
9.
Hopkins, D.
, Ainscow, M. and West, M. (1994) School Improvement in an Era of Change. London: Cassell.
10.
Hopkins, D.
, Ainscow, M. and West, M. (1996) `Unravelling the Complexities of School Improvement: A Case Study of the Improving the Quality of Education for All (IQEA) Project', in A. Harris, N. Bennett and M. Preedy (eds) Organizational Effectiveness and Improvement. Buckingham: Open University Press.
11.
Hopkins, D.
, Harris, A. and Jackson, D. (1997) `Understanding the School's Capacity for Development: Growth States and Strategies', School Leadership and Management17(3): 401-411.
12.
Levine, D.U.
(1992) `An Interpretative Review of US Research and Practice Dealing with Unusually Effective Schools', in D. Reynolds and P. Cuttance (eds) School Effectiveness Research: Policy and Practice. London: Cassell.
13.
Mortimore, P.
(1991) `School Effectiveness Research: Which Way at the Crossroads?', School Effectiveness and School Improvement2(3): 213-229.
14.
Mortimore, P.
(1993) `School Effectiveness and the Management of Effective Learning and Teaching', School Effectiveness and School Improvement4: 290-310.
15.
Mortimore, P.
, Sammons, P., Stoll, L., Lewis, D. and Ecob, R. (1988) School Matters: The Junior Years. Somerset: Open Books.
16.
Myers, K.
(1994) `Why Schools in Difficulty May Find the Research on School Effectiveness and Improvement Inappropriate for their Needs'. London: Institute of Education.
17.
Nutall, D. L.
(1990) Differences in Examination Performance, RS 1277/90. London: Research and Statistics Branch, ILEA.
18.
Raudenbush, S.W.
(1989) The Analysis of Longitudinal, Multilevel Data', chapter 3 in International Journal of Educational Research (special issue) `Developments in School Effectiveness Research'13(7): 721-740.
19.
Reynolds, D.
(1991) `Changing Ineffective Schools', in M. Ainscow (ed.) Effective Schools For All. London: Fulton.
20.
Reynolds, D.
(1996) `Turning Around Ineffective Schools: Some Evidence and Some Speculations', in J. Gray, D. Reynolds, C.T. Fitzgibbon and D. Jesson, Merging Traditions: The Future of Research on School Effectiveness and School Improvement. London: Cassell.
21.
Reynolds, D.
and Cuttance, P., eds (1992) School Effectiveness Research: Policy and Practice. London: Cassell.
22.
Sammons, P.
, Hillman, J. and Mortimore, P. (1994) Key Characteristics of Effective Schools: A Review of School Effectiveness Research. London: OFSTED.
23.
Sammons, P.
, Thomas, S. and Mortimore, P. (1997) Forging Links: Effective Schools and Effective Departments. London: Paul Chapman.
24.
Scheerens, J.
(1992) Effective Schooling: Research, Theory and Practice. London: Cassell.
25.
Smith, D.J.
and Tomlinson, S. (1989) The School Effect: A Study of Multi-Racial Comprehensives. London: Policy Studies Institute.
26.
Stringfield, S.
, Teddlie, C., Wimpleberg, R.K. and Kirby, P. (1992) `A Five Year Follow Up Study of Schools in Louisiana School Effectiveness Study', in J. Baslin and Z. Sass (eds) International Congress for School Effectiveness. Jerusalem: Magness.