The emergence of market forms in education requires analysis of the organizational contexts through which provision is made. Such an analysis suggests that the task of policy-makers is managing a mixed economy of provision. In order to examine the impact of different mixed economies, the author draws upon the concepts of efficiency and equity-as key social and economic criteria-and applies them to some recent field research. Finally, the paper considers the status of research evidence in contributing to `objective' judgements on the performance of education systems in meeting their goals.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Beetham, D.
, ed. (1994) Defining and Measuring Democracy. London: Sage.
2.
Berger, J.
(1990) `Market and State in Advanced Capitalist Societies', in A. Martinelli and N.J. Smelser (eds) Economy and Society: Overviews in Economic Sociology. London: Sage.
3.
Blaug, M.
(1970) An Introduction to the Economics of Education. Harmondsworth: Penguin.
4.
Bowe, R.
, Ball, S. with Gold, A. (1992) Reforming Education and Changing Schools: Case Studies in Policy Sociology. London: Routledge.
5.
Bullock, A.
and Thomas, H. (1992) Pupil Numbers and School Budgets: An Examination of Formula Allocations to Schools of Different Size. School of Education: University of Birmingham.
6.
Bullock, A.
and Thomas, H. (1994) `The Political Economy of Local Management of Schools', in S. Tomlinson (ed.) Educational Reform and its Consequences, pp. 41-52. London: IPPR/Rivers Oram.
7.
Chapman, J.D.
(1993) `Autonomy and Mutuality: An Examination of some Current Problems, Trends and Issues in Educational Policy and Administration'. Inaugral Lecture, University of Western Australia.
8.
Chitty, C.
(1989) Towards a New Education System: The Victory of the New Right. Lewes: The Falmer Press.
9.
Doyal, L.
and Gough, I. (1991) A Theory of Human Need. London: Macmillan.
10.
Elster, J.
and Roemer, J.E., eds (1991) Interpersonal Comparisons of Well-being. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
11.
Evers, C.
and Lakomski, G. (1991) Knowing Educational Administration. Oxford: Pergamon.
12.
Feyerabend, P.
(1978) Science in a Free Society. London: New Left Books.
13.
Glennerster, H.
(1992) Paying for Welfare: The 1990s. London: Harvester Wheatsheaf.
14.
Halliday, J.
(1990) Markets, Managers and Theory in Education. Basingstoke: The Falmer Press.
15.
Hanushek, E.A.
(1979) `Conceptual and Empirical Issues in the Estimation of Production Functions', Journal of Human Resources14(3): 351-387.
16.
Haskell, T.L.
and Teichgraeber III, R.F., eds (1993) The Culture of the Market. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
17.
Hewitt, D. (1994) `The Principle of Economy in the Teaching and Learning of Mathematics', PhD thesis, The Open University.
18.
Hodgkinson, C.
(1991) Educational Leadership: The Moral Art. New York: State University of New York Press.
19.
House of Commons
(1994) Second Report of the Education Committee, Session 1993-94. HC (93-94) 45. London: HMSO.
20.
Le Grand, J.
, Propper, C. and Robinson, R. (1992) The Economics of Social Problems (3rd edn). London: Macmillan.
21.
Levin, H.M.
(1976) `Concepts of Economic Efficiency and Educational Production', in J.T. Froomkin, D.T. Jamison and R. Radner (eds) Education as an Industry. Cambridge, MA: Ballinger.
22.
McMurty, J.
(1992) `Education and the Market Model, Journal of Philosophy of Education25(2): 209-217.
23.
National Commission on Education
(1993) Learning to Succeed. Report of the National Commission on Education. London: Heinemann.
24.
Nussbaum, M.C.
and Sen, A. (1993) The Quality of Life. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
25.
OECD
(1993) Education at a Glance: OECD Indicators. Paris: CERI/OECD.
26.
Sammons, P.
, Thomas, S., Mortimore, P., Owen, C., Pennell, H. and Hillmann, J. (1994) Assessing School Effectiveness: Developing Measures to Put School Performance in Context. London: Institute of Education.
27.
SCAA
(1994) Value-added Performance Indicators for Schools: A Report by the School Curriculum and Assessment Authority to the Secretary of State. London: SCAA.
28.
Scottish Office
(1992a) Using Ethos Indicators in Primary School Self-evaluation: Taking Account of the Views of Pupils, Parents and Teachers. Edinburgh: Scottish Office Education Department.
29.
Scottish Office
(1992b) Using Ethos Indicators in Secondary School Self-evaluation: Taking Account of the Views of Pupils, Parents and Teachers. Edinburgh: Scottish Office Education Department.
30.
Scottish Office
(1994a) Scottish Schools: Costs 1993/94 and 1994195. Information for Parents. Edinburgh: Scottish Office.
31.
Scottish Office
(1994b) Leaver Destinations from Scottish Secondary Schools 1992/93 and 1993/94: Information for Parents. Edinburgh: Scottish Office.
32.
Secada, W.G.
(1989) `Educational Equity Versus Equality of Education: An Alternative Conception', in W.G. Secada (ed.) Equity in Education, pp. 68-88. Lewes: The Falmer Press.
33.
Sen, A.K.
(1977) `On Weights and Measures: Informational Constraints in Social Welfare Analysis', Econometrica45 (October): 539-572.
34.
Sen, A.K.
(1979) `Personal Utilities and Public Judgements: Or What's Wrong with Welfare Economics', Economic Journal89 (September): 537-558.
35.
Sen, A.K.
(1980) `Equality of What?', in The Tanner Lectures on Human Values, Vol. 1. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press; and Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
36.
Sen, A.K.
(1987) The Standard Living. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
37.
Thomas, H.
(1988) `Pupils-as-vouchers', Times Educational Supplement2 (December): 23.
38.
Thomas, H.
(1994) `Markets, Collectivities and Management', Oxford Review of Education20(1): 41-56.
39.
Thomas, H.
and Bullock, A. (1994) `Money, Monitoring and Management', in P. Ribbins and E, Burridge (eds) Improving Education: Promoting Quality in Schools, pp. 92-104. London: Cassell.
40.
Titmuss, R.M.
(1970) The Gift Relationship. London: Allen and Unwin.
41.
UNDP
(1990) Human Development Report 1990. Oxford: Oxford University Press for the UNDP.
42.
Wainwright, H.
(1994) Arguments for a New Left: Answering the Free-market Right. Oxford: Blackwell.
43.
Ware. A.
(1990) `Meeting Needs through Voluntary Action: Does Market Society Corrode Altruism', in A. Ware and R.E. Goodin (eds) Needs and Welfare, pp. 185-207. London: Sage.
44.
Zabalza, A.
, Tumbull, P. and Williams, G. (1979) The Economics of Teacher Supply. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
