In Vitro Tests for Respiratory Toxicity

Anon. (1994). ECVAM News & Views. ATLA 22, 7–11.

Kaltreider H.B. (1994). Local immunity. In Immunology of the Lung and Upper Respiratory Tract (ed. Bienenstoek J. ), pp. 191–215. New York: McGraw-Hill.

Weissman D.N. , Bice D.E. , Crowell R.E. , and Schuyler M.R. (1994). Intrapulmonary antigen deposition in the human lung: local responses. American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology 11, 607–614.

Thompson A.B. , Robbins R.A. , Romberger D.J. , Sisson J.H. , Spurzem J.R. , Teschler H. , and Rennard S.I. (1995). Immunological functions of the pulmonary epithelium. European Respiratory Journal 8, 127–149.

Nemery B. (1990). Metal toxicity and the respiratory tract. European Respiratory Journal 3, 202–219.

Amdur M.O. (1991). Air pollutants. In Casarett and Doull's Toxicology, 4th edition (ed. Amdur M.O. , Doull J. , & Klaassen C.D. ), pp. 854–871. New York: Pergamon Press.

Gordon T. , and Amdur M.O. (1991). Responses of the respiratory system to toxic agents. In Casarett and Doull's Toxicology, 4th edition (ed. Amdur M.O. , Doull J. , Klaassen C.D. ), pp. 383–406. New York: Pergamon Press.

Niemeier R.W. (1984). The isolated perfused lung. Environmental Health Perspectives 56, 35–41.

Basset D.J.P. , and Roth R.A. (1992). The isolated perfused lung preparation. In In Vitro Methods of Toxicology (ed. Watson R.R. ), pp. 143–155. Boca Raton, FL, USA: CRC Press.

Housley D.G. , Mudway I. , Kelly F.J. , Eccles R. , & Richards R.J. (1995). Depletion of urate in human nasal lavage following in vitro ozone exposure. International Journal of Biochemistry and Cellular Biology 27, 1153–1159.

Fubini B. (1993). The possible role of surface chemistry in the toxicity of inhaled fibers. In Fiber Toxicology (ed. Warheit D.B. ), pp. 229–257. New York: Academic Press.

Samet J. M. , and Cheng P.W. (1994). The role of airway mucus in pulmonary toxicology. Environmental Health Perspectives 102, Suppl. 2, 89–103.

Mossman B.T. , Marsh J.P. , and Shatos M.A. (1986). Alteration of superoxide dismutase activity in tracheal epithelial cells by asbestos and inhibition of cytotoxicity by antioxidants. Laboratory Investigation 54, 204–212.

De Flora S. , Petruzzelli S. , Camoirano A. , Benicelli C. , Romano M. , Rindi M. , Ghelarducci L. , and Giuntini C. (1987). Pulmonary metabolism of mutagens and its relationship with lung cancer and smoking habits. Cancer Research 47, 4740–4745.

Charest N. , Rossignol G. , and Castonguay A. (1989). In vitro and in vivo modulation of the bioactivation of 4–(methyl-nitrosamino)-l-3-pyridyl-1-butanone in hamster lung tissues. Chemico-Biological Interactions 71, 265–278.

Devereux T.R. , Domin B.A. , and Philpot R.M. (1989). Xenobiotic metabolism by isolated pulmonary cells. Pharmacology and Therapeutics 41, 243–266.

Cohen G.M. (1990). Pulmonary metabolism of foreign compounds: its role in metabolic activation. Environmental Health Perspectives 85, 31–41.

Freeman B.A. , & O'Neill J.J. (1984). Tissue slices in the study of lung metabolism and toxicology. Environmental Health Perspectives 56, 51–60.

Lewis C.P.L. , Dinsdale D. , and Nemery B. (1994). Potentiation of oxidant-induced toxicity in hamster lung slices by dimethylthiourea. Free Radical Biology and Medicine 16, 561–569.

Hay D.W.P. , Farmer S.G. , and Goldie R.G. (1994). Inflammatory mediators and modulation of epithelial/smooth muscle interactions. In Immunopharmacology of Epithelial Barriers (ed. Goldie R. ), pp. 119–146. New York: Academic Press.

Chevillard M. , Hinnrasky J. , Zahm J.M. , Plotkowski M.C. , and Puchelle E. (1991). Proliferation, differentiation and ciliary beating of human respiratory ciliated cells in primary cultures. Cell and Tissue Research 264, 49–55.

Jorissen M. , van der Schueren B , van den Berghe H. , and Cassiman J.J. (1989). The preservation and regeneration of cilia on human nasal epithelial cells cultured in vitro Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology 246, 308–314.

Eccles R. (1996). A role for the nasal cycle in respiratory defense. European Respiratory Journal 9, 371–376.

Jorissen M. , van der Schueren B. , van den Berghe H. , and Cassiman J.J. (1991). Contribution of in vitro culture methods for respiratory epithelial cells to the study of the physiology of the respiratory tract. European Respiratory Journal 4, 210–217.

Nemery B. , and Hoet P.H. (1993). Use of isolated lung cells in pulmonary toxicology. Toxicology in Vitro 7, 359–364.

Wu R. , and Wu M.M.J. (1986). Effects of retinoids on human bronchial epithelial cells: differential regulation of hyaluronate synthesis and keratin protein synthesis. Journal of Cellular Physiology 127, 73–82.

Davenport E.A. , and Nettesheim P. (1996). Regulation of mucociliary differentiation of rat tracheal epithelial cells by type I collagen substratum. American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology 14, 19–26.

Edmondson S.W. , Wu R. , and Mossman B.T. (1990). Regulation of differentiation and keratin protein expression by vitamin A in primary cultures of hamster tracheal epithelial cells. Journal of Cellular Physiology 142, 21–30.

Romet S. , Schoevaert D. , & Marano F. (1991). Dynamic image analysis applied to the study of ciliary bent on cultured ciliated epithelial cells from rabbit trachea. Biology of the Cell 71, 183–190.

Guilianelli C. , Baeza-Squiban A. , Roisvieux-Ulrich E. , Houcine O. , Zalma R. , Guennou C. , Pézerat H. , and Marano F. (1993). Effect of mineral particles containing iron on primary cultures of rabbit tracheal epithelial cells: possible implication of oxidative stress. Environmental Health Perspectives 101, 436–442.

Whong W.Z. , Stewart J.D. , and Ong T. (1990). Use of rat primary lung cells for studying genotoxicity with the sister-chromatid exchange and micronucleus assays. Mutation Research 24, 7–13.

Mossman B.T. (1986). Mechanisms of chemical and physical carcinogenesis in cultured hamster and human tracheobronchial epithelium. In In Vitro Models of Respiratory Epithelium (ed. Schiff L.J. ), pp. 161–182. Boca Raton, FL, USA: CRC Press.

Dong J.T. , Zhou C.N. , & Luon X.M. (1995). Induction of preneoplastic lesions by sodium arsenite in human foetal respiratory epithelia in organ culture. Environmental Research 68, 39–43.

Berthezene M.L. , Rogerieux F. , Bignon J. , & Lambré C.R. (1992). Alterations in lectin binding to the plasma membrane of cultured epithelial tracheal cells after incubation in acidic buffers. In Vitro 28, 136–139.

Glanville A.R. , Tazelaar H.D. , Theodore J. , Imoto E. , Rouse R.V. , Baldwin J.C. , and Robin E.D. (1989). The distribution of MHC class I and II antigens on bronchial epithelium. American Review of Respiratory Disease 139, 330–334.

Ohkawara Y. , Yamauchi K. , Maruyama N. , Hoshi H. , Ohno I. , Honma M. , Tanno Y. , Yamura G. , Shirato K. , and Ohtani H. (1995). In situ expression of the cell adhesion molecules in bronchial tissues from asthmatics with air flow limitation: in vivo evidence of VCAM-l/VLA-4 interaction in selective eosinophil infiltration. American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology 12, 4–12.

Barnes P.J. (1995). Beta-adrenergic receptors and their regulation. American Journal of Respiratory Critical Care in Medicine 152, 838–860.

Smith S.M. , Lee D.K.P. , Lacy J. , and Coleman D.L. (1990). Rat tracheal epithelial cells produce granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor. American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology 2, 59–68.

Nahori M.A. , Prevos M.C. , and Gounon P. (1991). Guinea-pig tracheal epithelial cells in primary culture: morphological and metabolic characterisation. Journal of Lipid Medicine 3, 101–112.

Madden M.C. , Friedman M. , Hanley N. , Siegler E. , Quay J.E. , Becker S. , Devlin R. , and Koren H.S. (1993). Chemical nature and immunotoxicological properties of arachidonic acid degradation products formed by exposure to ozone. Environmental Health Perspectives 101, 154–164.

Welsh M.J. (1985). Ion transport by primary cultures of canine tracheal epithelium: methodology, morphology, and electrophysiology. Journal of Membrane Biology 88, 149–163.

Widdicombe J.H. , Coleman D.L. , Finkbeiner W.E. , and Tuet I.K. (1985). Electrical properties of monolayers cultured from cells of human trachea mucosa. Journal of Applied Physiology 58, 1729–1735.

Saunders N.A. , Smith R.J. , and Jetten A.M. (1994). Differential responsiveness of human bronchial epithelial cells, lung carcinoma cells, and bronchial fibroblasts to interferon-α in vitro. American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology 11, 147–152.

Nahori M.A. , Etievant M. , Terzidis-Trabelsi H. , Davis B. , & Lambré C.R. (1994). Binding of serum autoantibodies to sialidase-treated tracheal epithelial cells. Determination of autoantibodies isotypes in normal and influenza virus infected guinea-pig sera. Immunology Letters 42, 67–73.

Whitcutt M.J. , Adler K.B. , and Wu R. (1988). A biphasic system for maintaining polarity of differentiation of cultured respiratory tract epithelial cells. In Vitro Cellular and Developmental Biology 24, 420–428.

Adler K.B. , Cheng P.W. , and Kim K.C. (1990). Characterisation of guinea-pig tracheal epithelial cells maintained in biphasic organotypic culture: cellular composition and biochemical analysis of released glycoconjugates. American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology 2, 145–154.

De Jong P.M. , van Sterkenburg M.A.J.A. , Hesseling S.C. , Kempenaar J.A. , Mulder A.A. , Mommaas A.M. , Dijkman J.H. , and Ponec M. (1994). Ciliogenesis in human bronchial epithelial cells cultured at the air-liquid interface. American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology 10, 271–277.

Zeitlin P.L. , Lu L. , Rhim J. , Cutting G. , Stetten G. , Kieffer K.A. , Craig R. , and Guggino W.B. (1991). A cystic fibrosis bronchial epithelial cell line: immortalisation by adeno-12-SV40 infection. American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology 4, 313–319.

Cozens A.L. , Yezzi M.J. , Kunzelmann K. , Ohrui T. , Chin L. , Eng K. , Finkbeiner W.E. , Widdicombe J.H. , and Gruenert D.C. (1994). CFTR expression and chloride secretion in polarised immortal human bronchial epithelial cells. American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology 10, 38–47.

Devereux T.R. , & Fouts J.R. (1980). Isolation and identification of Clara cells from rabbit lung. In Vitro 16, 958–968.

Massey T.E. , Geddes B.A. , and Forkert P.G. (1987). Isolation of nonciliated bronchiolar epithelial (Clara) cells and alveolar type II cells from mouse lungs. Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 65, 2368–2372.

van Scott M.R. , Penland C.M. , Welch C.A. , & Lazarowski E (1995). β-Adrenergic regulation of Cl- and HCO₃- secretion by Clara cells. American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology 13, 344–351.

Adamson I.Y. , and Drummond H.B. (1975). Derivation of type I epithelium from type II cells in the developing rat lung. Laboratory Investigation 32, 736–745.

Siminsk J.T. , Kavanaugh T.J. , Chi E. , & Raghu G. (1992). Long-term maintenance of mature pulmonary parenchyma cultured in serum-free conditions. American Journal of Physiology 262, 236–244.

Kinnard W.V. , Tuder R. , Papst P. , and Fisher J.H. (1994). Regulation of alveolar type II cell differentiation and proliferation in adult rat lung explants. American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology 11, 416–425.

Kikkawa Y. , & Yoneda K (1974). The type II epithelial cell of the lung. I. Method of isolation. Laboratory Investigation 30, 76–84.

Mason R.J. , Williams M.C. , Greenleaf R.D. , & Clements J.A. (1977). Isolation and properties of type II alveolar cells from rat lung. American Review of Respiratory Disease 115, 1015–1026.

Mason R.J. , Dobbs L.G. , Greenleaf R.T. , & Williams M.C. (1977). Alveolar type II cells. Federation Proceedings 36, 2697–2702.

Shannon J.M. , Emrie P.A. , Fisher J.H. , Kurodi Y. , Jennings S.D. , & Mason R.J. (1990). Effect of a reconstituted basement membrane on expression of surfactant apoproteins in cultured adult rat alveolar type II cells. American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology 2, 183–192.

Haagsman H.P. (1992). Toxicological aspects of the surfactant system. In Pulmonary Surfactant. From Molecular Biology to Clinical Practice (ed. Robertson N. , van Golde L.M.G. , and Batenburg J. ), pp. 705–734. Amsterdam: Elsevier.

Oosting R.S. , van Iwaarden J.F. , van Bree L. , Verhoef J. , van Golde L.M.G. , and Haagsman H.P. (1992). Exposure of surfactant protein A to ozone in vitro and in vivo impairs its interactions with alveolar cells. American Journal of Physiology 262, 63–68.

Brown L.A.S. , and Longmore W.J. (1981). Adrenergic and cholinergic regulation of lung surfactant secretion in the isolated perfused rat lung and in the alveolar type II cell in culture. Journal of Biological Chemistry 256, 66–72.

Godding V. , Stark J.M. , Sedgwick J.B. , and Busse W.W. (1995). Adhesion of activated eosinophils to respiratory epithelial cells is enhanced by tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-lβ. American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology 13, 555–562.

Chinoy M.R. , Gonzales L.W. , Ballard P.L. , Fisher A.B. , & Eckenhoff R.G. (1995). Elemental composition of lamellar bodies from fetal and adult human lung. American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology 13, 99–108.