Special Anniversary Volume — Issue 3: The Three Rs

Russell W.M.S. & Burch R.L. (1959). The Principles of Humane Experimental Technique, 238 pp. London, UK: Methuen.

Farnaud S. (2009). The evolution of the Three Rs. ATLA 37, 249–254.

Balls M. (2009). The origins and early days of the Three Rs concept. ATLA 37, 255–265.

Russell W.M.S. & Burch R.L. (1995). Prefatory note. ATLA 23, 11–13. Reprinted in ATLA 37, 267–268, 2009.

Russell W.M.S. (1994). Letter to Michael Balls, dated 15 January 1994.

Burch R.L. (1995). The progress of humane experimental technique since 1959: a personal view. ATLA 23, 776–783. Reprinted in ATLA 37, 269–275, 2009.

Balls M. , Goldberg A.M. , Fentem J.H. , Broadhead C.L. , Burch R.L. , Festing M.F.W. , Frazier J.M. , Hendriksen C.F.M. , Jennings M. , van der Kamp M.D.O. , Morton D.B. , Rowan A.N. , Russell C. , Russell W.M.S. , Spielmann H. , Stephens M.L. , Stokes W.S. , Straughan D.W. , Yager J.D. , Zurlo J. & van Zutphen B.F.M. (1995). The Three Rs: the way forward. The report and recommendations of ECVAM workshop 11. ATLA 23, 838–866.

Russell W.M.S. (1999). The progress of humane experimental technique. ATLA 27, 915–922. Reprinted in ATLA 37, 277–283, 2009.

Russell W.M.S. (2000). Forty years on. In Progress in the Reduction, Refinement and Replacement of Animal Experimentation (ed. Balls M. , Halder M. & van Zeller A-M. ), pp. 17–22. Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Elsevier Science.

Executive Committee of the 3rd Congress (1999). Background to the Three Rs Declaration of Bologna, as Adopted by the 3rd World Congress on Alternatives and Animal Use in the Life Sciences, Bologna, Italy, on 31 August 1999. ATLA 28, 1–5. Reprinted in ATLA 37, 285–289, 2009.