The purpose of this study was to understand music teachers’ experiences with an online professional development course focused on international-mindedness (IM). This course introduced the concept of IM by exposing xiaowai (out-of-school) music teachers in China to international music teaching methods. The results, which were based on interviews with the participants, journal entries, and teaching reflections, revealed the advantages and the difficulties these teachers identified when attempting to switch from their traditional teaching methods to a more international style. This research suggests that IM may be essential if xiaowai music teachers are to change their traditional way of teaching. The participants also experienced two types of limitations: some they saw and acknowledged themselves and others that they did not consciously perceive. The findings also suggest that it would be beneficial to explore a more “Chinese” way to implement IM.
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