Understanding of the importance of the role of compensatoty mechanisms in heart failure has been translated into therapeutic options which can improve cardiac function, favorably alter disease progression, and improve survival. Sinus tachycardia in heart failure results from neurohormonal activation, which reduces ventricular filling time and thus further increases atrial pressure and venous congestion. It may also cause myocardial ischemia, leading to progressive ventricular dysfunction. In this review, the role of heart frequency modulators in heart failure is discussed.
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