The rationale for thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) for type B aortic dissection depends on the phase of disease: acute phase, which is ‘complicated’, subacute to early chronic phase, which requires ‘preemptive TEVAR’ and chronic phase, which entails ‘prevention of further dilatation and rupture’. Low operative mortality and morbidity after TEVAR for complicated acute type B aortic dissection have been reported with significant improvement during midterm survival. ‘Retrograde’ type A dissection, which can be described as type B0,X (X>3) according to a new reporting standard, has reportedly been treated with TEVAR with less invasiveness. TEVAR is the first and possibly the only effective strategy for acute type B dissection, so that expansion of indications for type B0,X, as described in the new reporting standard has been validated.
JCS/JSCS/JATS/JSVS 2020 Guideline on diagnosis and treatment of aortic aneurysm and aortic dissection.
2.
ElefteriadesJAHartleroadJGusbergRJ,et al.Long-term experience with descending aortic dissection: the complication-specific approach. Ann Thorac Surg1992; 53: 11–20.
3.
TrimarchiSEagleKANienaberCA, et al.International registry of acute aortic dissection (IRAD) investigators. Importance of refractory pain and hypertension in acute type B aortic dissection: insights from the International Registry of Acute Aortic Dissection (IRAD). Circulation2010; 122: 1283–1289.
4.
FattoriRTsaiTTMyrmelT, et al.Complicated acute type B dissection: is surgery still the best option? A report from the International Registry of Acute Aortic Dissection. JACC Cardiovasc Interv2008; 1: 395–402.
5.
PatelAYEagleKAVaishnavaP. Acute type B aortic dissection: insights from the International Registry of Acute Aortic Dissection. Ann Cardiothorac Surg2014; 3: 368–374.
6.
LombardiJVHughesGCAppooJJ, et al.Society for Vascular Surgery (SVS) and Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) reporting standards for type B aortic dissections. J Vasc Surg2020; 71: 723–747.
7.
NienaberCAFattoriRLundG, et al.Nonsurgical reconstruction of thoracic aortic dissection by stent-graft placement. N Engl J Med1999; 340: 1539–1545.
8.
DakeMDKatoNMitchellRS, et al.Endovascular stent-graft placement for the treatment of acute aortic dissection. N Engl J Med1999; 340: 1546–1552.
9.
SzetoWYMcGarveyMPochettinoA, et al.Results of a new surgical paradigm: endovascular repair for acute complicated type B aortic dissection. Ann Thorac Surg2008; 86: 87–93.
10.
ZeeshanAWooEYBavariaJE,et al.Thoracic endovascular aortic repair for acute complicated type B aortic dissection: superiority relative to conventional open surgical and medical therapy. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg2010; 140: S109–S115.
11.
SanadaJMatsuiOTerayamaN, et al.Clinical application of a curved nitinol stent-graft for thoracic aortic aneurysms. J Endovasc Ther2003; 10: 20–28.
12.
MurashitaTOginoHMatsudaH,et al.Clinical outcome of emergency surgery for complicated acute type B aortic dissection. Circ J2012; 76: 650–654.
13.
Committee for Scientific Affairs, The Japanese Association for Thoracic Surgery, ShimizuHOkadaMTohY, et al.Thoracic and cardiovascular surgeries in Japan during 2018: annual report by the Japanese Association for Thoracic Surgery. Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg2021; 69: 179–212.
14.
NienaberCAKischeSZellerT,et al.Provisional extension to induce complete attachment after stent-graft placement in type B aortic dissection: the PETTICOAT concept. J Endovasc Ther2006; 13: 738–746.
15.
DeBakeyMEHenlyWSCooleyDA, et al.Surgical management of dissecting aneurysms of the aorta. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg1965; 49: 130–149.
16.
DailyPOTruebloodHWStinsonEB,et al.Management of acute aortic dissections. Ann Thorac Surg1970; 10: 237–247.
17.
SteuerJErikssonMONymanR,et al.Early and long-term outcome after thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) for acute complicated type B aortic dissection. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg2011; 41: 318–323.
18.
TsaiTTEvangelistaANienaberCA, et al.Partial thrombosis of the false lumen in patients with acute type B aortic dissection. N Engl J Med2007; 357: 349–359.
19.
RodriguezJAOlsenDMLucasL,et al.Aortic remodeling after endografting of thoracoabdominal aortic dissection. J Vasc Surg2008; 47: 1188–1194.
20.
WiedemannDEhrlichMAmabileP, et al.Emergency endovascular stent grafting in acute complicated type B dissection. J Vasc Surg2014; 60: 1204–1208.
21.
YamaguchiTNakaiMSumitaY, et al.Current status of the management and outcomes of acute aortic dissection in Japan: analyses of nationwide Japanese registry of all cardiac and vascular diseases-diagnostic procedure combination data. Eur Heart J Acute Cardiovasc Care2020; 9: S21–S31.
22.
YeCChangGLiS,et al.Endovascular stent-graft treatment for Stanford type A aortic dissection. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg2011; 42: 787–794.
23.
LiZLuQFengR, et al.Outcomes of endovascular repair of ascending aortic dissection in patients unsuitable for direct surgical repair. J Am Coll Cardiol2016; 68: 1944–1954.
24.
KhoynezhadADonayreCEWalotI,et al.Feasibility of endovascular repair of ascending aortic pathologies as part of an FDA-approved physician-sponsored investigational device exemption. J Vasc Surg2016; 63: 1483–1495.
25.
KajiSAkasakaTKatayamaM, et al.Prognosis of retrograde dissection from the descending to the ascending aorta. Circulation2003; 108: II300–II306.
26.
NautaFJHKimJBPatelHJ, et al.Early outcomes of acute retrograde dissection from the international registry of acute aortic dissection. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg2017; 29: 150–159.
27.
InoueYMatsudaHMatsuoJ, et al.Efficacy of entry exclusion strategy for DeBakey type III retrograde Stanford type A acute aortic dissection. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg2020. doi: 10.1093/ejcts/ezaa329
28.
KatoNShimonoTHiranoT,et al.Transluminal placement of endovascular stent grafts for the treatment of type A aortic dissection with an entry tear in the descending thoracic aorta. J Vasc Surg2001; 34: 1023–1028.
29.
OmuraAMatsudaHMatsuoJ,et al.Thoracic endovascular repair for retrograde acute type A aortic dissection as an alternative choice. Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg2020; 68: 1397–1404.
