This article examines available means and activities of sending (emigration) countries in their efforts to exert control over the “long-term-temporary” emigration process. This type, rather than “short-term-temporary” or “permanent” migration is regarded most beneficial for sending country interests.
In the European case, which is unique, the structure of migration has provided sending countries with ongoing channels for promoting their interests. These channels are found in the nature of the recruitment agreements concluded between sending and receiving countries which vary between individual pairs of senders and receivers.
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