Television Spectacle and the Internationalization of Sport

Abstract

(This is a shortened version of a paper given at the Conference on The Third World. Development or Crisis, in Penang, Malaysia, in November 1984, and the author would like to thank the Consumers Association of Penang for permission to reproduce it here )

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

Adedeji, A. 1979 Social and cultural conflict in sport and games in developing countries. International Review of Sport Sociology 14(1). Warsaw.

Anthony, Don 1980 A Strategy for British Sport. London : Hurst.

Birrell, J. and Loy, S. 1979 Media sport: Hot and cool. International Review of Sport Sociology 14( 1 ). Warsaw.

Bown, Gabrielle 1981 Two thousand million televiewers. Unpublished MA thesis, Royal College of Arts, London .

Boyd-Barrett, O. 1979 Media imperialism: Towards an international framework . Mass Communication and Society, ( J. Curran , M. Gurevitch and J. Woolacott , Eds.). London: Edward Amold; Beverly Hills: Sage, pp. 116-135.

Boyd-Barrett, O. 1977 Mass Communication in cross cultural contexts: The Third World. Mass Communication OU Course DE353, Unit 5, Open University . England: Milton Keynes.

Brohm, Jean-Marie. 1978 Sport: A prison of measured time. London : InkLinks.

Buscombe, Edward (Ed.) 1975 Football on television. London: British Film Institute.

Childs, D. 1978 The German Democratic Republic. Sport under Communism, ( Riordan , Ed). London:Hurst.

10.

Clignet, R. and Stark, M. 1974 Modernisation and the game of soccer in Cameroun . International Review of Sport Sociology 9(3-4). Warsaw.

11.

Clumpner, R. and Pendleton, B. 1978 The Peoples Republic of China Sport under Communism.

12.

Cruise O'Brien, R. 1979 Mass communications: Social mechanisms of incorporation and dependence. Transnational Capitalism and National Development , ( J.J. Villamil , Ed.). Atlantic Highlands: Humanities Press.

13.

Daney, Serge 1979 Le sport dans la television. Cahiers Du Cinema (292). Paris.

14.

Enzensberger, Hans 1972 Constituents of a theory of the media. Sociology of Mass Communications, (Denis McQuail, Ed.). Harmondsworth: Penguin.

15.

Fejes, F. 1981 Media imperialism: An assessment. Media Culture and Society 3(3). London: Academic Press.

16.

Fixx, J. 1979 The complete book of running. London : Chatto and Windus.

17.

Golding, Peter 1979 Media professionalism in the Third World: The transfer of an ideology. Mass Communication and Society ( J. Curran , M. Gurevitch and J. Woolacott , Eds.). Beverly Hills: Sage, pp. 291-308.

18.

Guttman, Allen 1978 From ritual to rocord New York : Columbia University Press.

19.

Hall, Stuart 1981 Notes on deconstructing the popular. People's history and socialist theory ( Raphael Samuel , Ed.). London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.

20.

Halstorf, A. and Cantril, H. 1954 They saw a game, a case study. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology XLIX.

21.

Hargrcaves, Jennifer 1984 Women and the Olympic phenomenon. Five Ring Circus, ( Tomlinson & Whannel , Eds.). London: Pluto.

22.

Hargreaves, Jennifer (Ed.) 1982 Sport culture and ideology. London: RKP.

23.

Hoch, Paul 1972 Rip off the big game. New York: Anchor.

24.

Inglis, Fred 1977 The name of the game. London: Heinemann .

25.

Jacobson, R. 1979 Satellite business systems and the concept of the dispersed enterprise. Media Culture and Society 1(3).

26.

James, C.L.R. 1963 Beyond a boundary London: Stanley Paul.

27.

Katz, E. and Wedell, E. 1975 The role of broadcasting in development. Report to the Ford Fondation.

28.

King, Billie Jean 1982 Billie Jean King. London: Granada.

29.

Kolatch, C. 1972 Sport, politics and ideology in China. New York: Jonathon David.

30.

Kramer, Jack 1981 The game: My forty years in tennis. London: Andre Deutsch.

31.

Lent, J. 1982 ASEAN mass communications and cultural submission . Media Culture and Society 4(2).

32.

Lichtenstein, Grace 1975 Behind the scenes in women's pro tennis. London: Robson

33.

Nordenstreng, K. and Varis, T. 1978 International flow of television programmes. Television: Ideology and exchange. London: BFI.

34.

Pendakur, M. 1983 The new international information order after the MacBride Commission. Media Culture and Society 5(3 4).

35.

Peters, Roy 1976 Television coverage of sport. Birmingham : Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies (stencilled paper).

36.

Pickering, Ron 1978 Cuba. Sport under Communism.

37.

Riordan, James 1980 Soviet sport. London: Blackwell .

38.

Riordan, James 1984 The workers Olympics. Five ring circus ( Tomlinson & Whannel , Eds.).

39.

Samarajiwa, R. 1984 Third World entry to the world market in news: Problems and solutions. Media Culture and Society 6(2).

40.

Schiller, H. 1976 Communication and cultural domination. New York: M.E. Sharpe.

41.

Schiller, H. 1971 Mass communication and American empire. Boston: Beacon.

42.

Schramm, Wilbur 1964 Mass media and national development. Stanford: Stanford University Press.

43.

Sie, Swanpo 1978 Sport and politics: The case of the GANEFO. Sport and international relations ( Lowe et al, Eds.). Champaign, IL: Stipes.

44.

Smith, Anthony 1978 The politics of information. London : Macmillan.

45.

Smulders, H. 1977 Sport and politics: The Irish scene. Review of Sport and Leisure 2 (June).

46.

Sussman, G. 1984

Global telecommunications and the Third World: Theoretical considerations

Media Culture and Society 6(3).

47.

Tomlinson, Alan , and Whannel, Garry (Eds.) 1984 Five ring circus.

48.

Tunstall, Jeremy 1977 The media are American. London: Constable.

49.

Vinnai, Gerhard 1970 Football mania. London: Ocean.

50.

Whannel, Garry 1983 Blowing the whistle. London: Pluto .

51.

Whannel, Garry 1982 Narrative and television sport: The Coe-Ovett story . Sporting fictions. Birmingham, England: CCCS.

52.

Whannel, Garry 1984 Fields in vision: sport and representation. Screen 25(3). London.

53.

Whitson, David 1983 Pressures on regional games in a metropolitan culture: The case of Shinty. Leisure Studies 2(2). London.

54.

Williams, Raymond 1974 Television: Technology and cultural form. London: Fontana.

55.

Willis, Paul 1978 Women in sport in ideology. Sport, culture and ideology ( Hargreaves , Ed.). London. RKP.