SeidABPranskySMKearnsDB. One-stage laryngotracheoplasty. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg1991;117:408–10.
2.
CantrellJRGuildHG. Congenital stenosis of the trachea. Am J Surg1964;108:297–305.
3.
GrilloHCZanniniP. Management of obstructive tracheal disease in children. J Pediatr Surg1984;19:414–6.
4.
LaingMRAlbertDMQuinneyREBaileyCM. Tracheal stenosis in infants and young children. J Laryngol Otol1990;104:229–35.
5.
BaxterJDDunbarJS. Tracheomalacia. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol1963;72:1013–23.
6.
FearonBShortreedR. Tracheobronchial compression by cardiovascular anomalies in children. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol1963;72:949.
7.
De LorimerAAHarrisonMRHardyK, et al. Tracheobronchial obstructions in infants and children—experience with 45 cases. Ann Surg1990;212:277–89.
8.
LoeffDSFillerRMVinogradI, et al. Congenital tracheal stenosis: A review of 22 patients from 1965 to 1987. J Pediatr Surg1988;23:744–8.
9.
NakayamaDKHarrisonMRDe LorimerAA, et al. Reconstructive surgery for obstructing lesions of the intrathoracic trachea in infants and small children. J Pediatr Surg1982;17:854–71.
10.
BenjaminBPitkinJCohenD. Congenital tracheal stenosis. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol1981;90:364–71.
11.
LobeTEHaydenCKNicholasDRichardsonCJ. Successful management of congenital tracheal stenosis in infancy. J Pediatr Surg1987;22:1137–41.
12.
BrownSBHedlundGLGlassierCM, et al. Tracheobronchial stenosis in infants: Successful balloon therapy. Radiology1987;164:475–8.
13.
BagwellCETalbertJLTepasJJ. Balloon dilatation of long segment tracheal stenoses. J Pediatr Surg1991;26:153–9.
14.
HarrisonMRHeldtGPBraschRCDe LorimerAAGregoryGA. Resection of distal tracheal stenosis in a baby with agenesis of the lung. J Pediatr Surg1980;15:938–43.
15.
GustafsonRAHrabovskyEE. Intercostal muscle and myoosseous flaps in difficult pediatric thoracic problems. J Pediatr Surg1991;27:541–5.
16.
KimuraKMukoharaNTsugawaC, et al. Tracheoplasty for congenital stenosis of the entire trachea. J Pediatr Surg1982;17:869–71.
17.
IdrissFSIlbawaMNTuckerGF. Tracheoplasty with pericardial patch for extensive tracheal stenosis in infants and children. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg1984;88:527–36.
18.
EinSHFriedbergJWilliamsWG, et al. Tracheoplasty—a new operation for complete congenital tracheal stenosis. J Pediatr Surg1982;17:872–7.
19.
JanikJSNasarajHSYacoubU, et al. Congenital funnel-shaped tracheal stenosis. An asymptomatic lethal anomaly of early infancy. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg1982; 83: 761–6.
20.
WeberTREigenHScottPHKrishnaGGrosfeldJR. Resection of congenital tracheal stenosis involving the carina. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg1982;84:200–3.
21.
FearonBEllisD. The management of long-term airway problems in infants and children. Ann Otolaryngol1971;80:669–77.
22.
CampbellDNLillyJR. Surgery for total congenital tracheal stenosis. J Pediatr Surg1986;21:934–5.
23.
HernandezRJTuckerGF. Congenital tracheal stenosis: Role of CT and high KV films. Pediatr Radiol1987;17:192–6.
GamsuGBorsonDBWebbWRCunninghamJH. Structure and function in tracheal stenosis. Am Rev Resp Dis1980;121:519–31.
26.
EllSRJollesHGalvinJR. Cine CT demonstration of nonfixed upper airway obstruction. AJR1986;146:669–77.
27.
BraschRCGouldRCGoodingCA, et al. Upper airway obstruction in infants and children: Evaluation with ultra-fast CT. Radiology1987;165:459–66.
28.
FletcherBDDearbornDGMulopulosGP. MR imaging in infants with airway obstruction: Preliminary observations. Radiology1986;160:245–9.
29.
FletcherBDCohnRC. Tracheal compression and the innominate artery: MR evaluation in infants. Radiology1989: 170: 103–7.
30.
CohenRCFillerRMKonumaK, et al. The successful reconstruction of thoracic tracheal defects with free periostrial grafts. J Pediatr Surg1985;20:852–8.
31.
LaitmanJ. The evolution and development of the human upper respiratory tract. In: RubenRJVandeWaterTRRubelE, eds. Biology of change in otolaryngology. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1986: 38–46.
32.
PracyR. The infant larynx. J Laryngol Otol1983;97:933–47.
33.
SymingtonJ. On the relations of the larynx and trachea to the vertebral column in the foetus and child. J Anat Physiol1985;19:L286–91.
34.
RocheAFBarklaDH. The level of the larynx during childhood. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol1965;74:645–54.
35.
GrilloHC. Surgery of the trachea Current problems in surgery. Chicago: Year Book Medical Publishers, 1970.
36.
CarcassoneMDorVAubertJ, et al. Tracheal resection with primary anastomosis in children. J Pediatr Surg1973;8:1–7.
37.
SalassaJRPearsonBWPayneWS. Gross and microscopical blood supply of the trachea. Ann Thorac Surg1977; 24: 388ah.
38.
MiuraTGrilloHC. The contribution of the inferior thyroid artery to the blood supply of the human trachea. Surg Gynecol Obstet1966;123:99.