Abstract
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Von Leden
H
Horton
BT
. Auditory nerve in multiple sclerosis . Arch Otolaryngol 1948 ; 48 : 51 –7 .
2.
Phillips
JW
. Otologic symptoms in multiple sclerosis . Laryngoscope 1952 ; 62 : 271 –6 .
3.
Harbert
F
Young
IM
. Sudden deafness with complete recovery . Arch Otolaryngol 1964 ; 79 : 459 –71 .
4.
Rose
RM
Daly
JF
. Reversible temporary threshold shift in multiple sclerosis . Laryngoscope 1964 ; 74 : 424 –31 .
5.
Simpkins
WT
. An audiometric profile in multiple sclerosis . Arch Otolaryngol 1964 ; 73 : 557 –64 .
6.
LeZak
RJ
Selhub
S
. On hearing in multiple sclerosis . Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1966 ; 75 : 1102 –10 .
7.
Dayal
VS
Taranticco
L
. Neuro-otologic studies in multiple sclerosis . Laryngoscope 1966 ; 76 : 1798 –809 .
8.
Noffsinger
D
Olsen
W
. Auditory and vestibular aberrations in MS . Acta Otolaryngol 1972 ; 303 (Suppl ):1 –63 .
9.
Daugherty
WT
Lederman
RJ
. Hearing loss in multiple sclerosis . Arch Neurol 1983 ; 40 : 33 –5 .
10.
Shea
JJ
Brackmann
DE
. Multiple sclerosis manifesting as sudden hearing loss . Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1987 ; 97 : 335 –8 .
11.Demyelinating diseases . In:
Braunwald
E
, ed. Harrison's principles of internal medicine . 11th ed. New York : MacGraw-Hill Book Company , 1987 : 1995 –9 .
12.
Rose
AS
Ellison
GW
Myers
LW
Criteria for the clinical diagnosis of multiple sclerosis . Neurology 1976 ; 26 : 20 –2 .
13.
Sayetta
RB
. Theories of the etiology of multiple sclerosis: A critical review . J Clin Lab Immunol 1986 ; 21 : 55 –70 .
14.
Poser
CM
. Pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis: A critical reappraisal . Acta Neuropathol (Berl) 1986 ; 71 : 1 –10 .
15.
Lamer
AT
. Etiological role of viruses in multiple sclerosis: A review . J R Soc Med 1986 ; 79 : 412 –7 .
16.
Barna
BP
. Multiple sclerosis: Neuroimmunologic puzzle . Clin Lab Med 1986 ; 6 : 103 –16 .
17.
Robinson
K
. Abnormalities of the auditory evoked potentials in patients with multiple sclerosis . Brain 1977 ; 100 : 19 –40 .
18.
Shanon
E
. Auditory potentials of cochlear nerve and brainstem in multiple sclerosis . Arch Otolaryngol 1979 ; 105 : 505 –8 .
19.
Djupesland
G
Flottorp
G
Modalsi
B
Tvete
O
Sortland
O
. A comparison between auditory and visual evoked responses in multiple sclerosis . Scand Audiol [Suppl ] 1981 ; 13 : 135 –7 .
20.
Quine
DB
Regan
D
. Patients with multiple sclerosis experience hearing loss specifically for shifts of tone frequency . Arch Neurol 1984 ; 41 : 506 –8 .
21.
Jerger
J
. Abnormalities of the acoustic reflex in multiple sclerosis . Am J Otol 1986 ; 7 : 163 –76 .
22.
Keith
RW
Garza-Holquin
Y
. Acoustic reflex dynamics and auditory brainstem responses in multiple sclerosis . Am J Otol 1987 ; 8 : 406 –13 .