Snoring has only recently come under wide study. Recent research has established the close relationship of severe snoring to sleep apnea in terms of the obstructive pathophysiology. Snoring tends to increase in severity over time and may progress to sleep apnea. Severe snoring may be associated with pulmonary and systemic hypertension, secondary polycythemia, and cardiac arrhythmias.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
. BlockAJ: Is snoring a risk factor?Chest80: 525, 1981.
2.
. FairbanksDNF: The effect of nasal surgery on snoring. Presented at the Southern Section Triologic, Marco Island, Fla., January 1984.
3.
. Snoring—A disease of listeners. Spectrum, Spring 1965.
. SimmonFBGuilleminaultCSilvestriR: Snoring and some obstructive sleep apnea can be cured by oropharyngeal surgery—Palatopharyngoplasty. Arch Otolaryngol109: 503–507, 1983.
6.
. HormanEWynneJWBlockAJMalloy-FisherL: Sleep-disordered breathing and oxygen desaturation in obese patients. Chest79: 256–260, 1981.
7.
. LugaresiECoccagnaGCirignottaF: Snoring and its clinical implications. GuilleminaultCDementW, editors: Sleep apnea syndrome. New York, 1978, Alan R. Liss, Inc.
8.
. LugaresiECoccagnaGCirignottaFClaudioP: Snoring—some epidemiological data. KaracanI, editor: Psychophysiological aspects of sleep. Proceedings of the Third International Congress of Sleep Research. Park Ridge, N.J., 1981, Noyes Medical Publications.
9.
. WilkinsonARMcCormickMSFreelandAPPickeringD: Electrocardiographic signs of pulmonary hypertension in children who snore. Br Med J282: 1579–1581, 1981.
10.
. BorowieckiBPollakCPWeitzmanEDRakoffSImperatoJ: Fibro-optic study of pharyngeal airway during sleep in patients with hypersomnia obstructive sleep-apnea syndrome. Laryngoscope88: 1310–1313, 1978.
11.
. FujitaASConwayWZorickFRothT: Surgical correction of anatomic abnormalities in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg89: 923–924, 1981.
12.
. LugaresiECirignottaFCoccagnaGPianaC: Some epidemiological data on snoring and cardiocirculatory disturbances. Sleep3: 221–224, 1980.
13.
. BlockAJBoysenPGWynneJWHuntLA: Sleep apnea, hypopnea, and oxygen desaturation in normal subjects: A strong male predominance. N Engl J Med300: 513–517, 1979.
14.
. TassanVCBlockAJBoysenPGWynneJW: Alcohol increases sleep apnea and oxygen desaturation in asymptomatic males (abstract). Am Rev Respir Dis123: 64, 1981.
15.
. IkematsuT: Study of snoring, 4th report: Therapy. J Jpn Oto-Rhino-Laryngol64: 434–435, 1964.
. OlsenKDKernEBWestbrookPR: Sleep and breathing disturbance secondary to nasal obstruction. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg89: 804, 1981.
18.
. KripkeDFSimmonsRNGarfinkelLHammondC: Short and long sleep and sleeping pills: Is increased mortality associated?Arch Gen Psychiatry36: 103–116, 1979.
19.
. SimmonsFBGuilleminaultCMilesLE: A surgical treatment for snoring and obstructive sleep apnea. West J Med140: 43–46, 1984.