Head and Neck Cancer Screenings in Suburban/Urban Populations in Michigan: Need for More Education

Abstract

Objectives:

1) Assess self-reported risk factors and knowledge gaps regarding head and neck cancer (HNC) risk factors in a multi-ethnic urban versus suburban population. 2) Improve education regarding behavioral risk factors for HNC, including regarding the transmission of human papillomavirus (HPV).

Methods:

The current sample includes a total of 118 individuals who presented for free HNC screenings across urban and suburban sites. Ninety-eight consented to complete behavioral risk questionnaires assessing for knowledge regarding HNC, ancestry, smoking/tobacco use, alcohol use, and sexual history.

Results:

Mean age was 56.63 years old (SD = 14.22, range 23 to 85), 60.2% female, predominantly African American (53.1%), Caucasian (42.7%), and other (4.1%). Those residing in an urban environment were more likely to be African American χ²(1, N = 98)=23.334, P < 0.001, have a history of treatment for some other cancer χ²(1, N=98)=6.063, P = 0.01, be a current smoker χ²(2, N=98)=5.885, P = 0.05, report more cumulative years consuming alcohol t(85)=2.050, P = 0.04, be willing to volunteer to promote awareness χ²(1, N=98)=4.866, P = 0.02, and feel the program increased their knowledge regarding HNC χ²(1, N=98)=4.726, P = 0.03, than those in a suburban environment.

Conclusions:

Free HNC screenings and related education are well received by a racially diverse urban population. HNC screenings should include evaluation of behavioral risk and specific knowledge associated with HNC.