Bowlby, J. (1982). Attachment (2nd ed.). New York: Basic Books.
2.
Bretherton, I. (1985). Attachment theory: Retrospect and prospect. In I. Bretherton & E. Waters (Eds.), Growing points of attachment: Theory and research (pp. 3-35). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
3.
Colman, A. D. , & Colman, L. (1974). Pregnancy as an altered state of consciousness. Birth and the Family Journal, 1, 7-11.
4.
Cook, T. D. , & Campbell, D. T. (1979). Quasi-experimentation: Design and analysis issues for field settings. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
5.
Cranley, M. S. (1981). Development of a tool for the measurement of maternal attachment during pregnancy. Nursing Research, 30, 281-284.
6.
Cranley, M. S. (1984). Social support as a factor in the development of parents' attachment to their unborn. Birth Defects: Original Article Series, 20, 99-124.
7.
Curry, M. A. (1987). Maternal behavior of hospitalized pregnant women. Journal of Psychosomatics in Obstetrics and Gynecology, 7, 165-182.
8.
Davis, M. S. , & Akridge, K. M. (1987). The effect of promoting intrauterine attachment in primiparas on postdelivery attachment. Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, and Neonatal Nursing, 16, 430-437.
9.
Gaffney, K. F. (1986). Maternal-fetal attachment in relation to self-concept and anxiety. Maternal-Child Nursing Journal, 15(2), 91-101.
10.
Grace, J. T. (1989). Development of maternal-fetal attachment during pregnancy. Nursing Research, 38, 228-232.
11.
Grossman, F. K. , Eichler, L. S., & Winickoff, S. A. (1980). Pregnancy, birth and parenthood. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
12.
Hedrich, S. M. , & Cranley, M. S. (1989). Effect of fetal movement, ultrasound scans, and amniocentesis on maternal-fetal attachment. Nursing Research, 38, 81-84.
13.
Henderson, S. (1982). The significance of social relationships and the etiology of neurosis. In C. M. Parkes & J. Stevenson-Hinde (Eds.), The place of attachment in human behavior (pp. 165-185). New York: Basic Books.
14.
Kemp, V. H. , & Page, C. K. (1987). Maternal prenatal attachment in normal and high-risk pregnancies. Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, and Neonatal Nursing, 16, 179-184.
15.
Koniak-Griffin, D. (1988). The relationship between social support, self-esteem, and maternal-fetal attachment in adolescents. Research in Nursing & Health, 11, 269-278.
16.
Kumar, R. , Robson, K. M., & Smith, A.M.R. (1984). Development of a self-administered questionnaire to measure maternal adjustment and maternal attitudes during pregnancy and after delivery. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 28, 43-51.
17.
Lo Biondo-Wood, G. (1985). The progression of physical symptoms in pregnancy and the development of maternal-fetal attachment. Dissertation Abstracts International, 46, 2625B-2625B.
18.
Lumley, J. (1980). The image of the fetus in the first trimester. Birth and the Family Journal, 7(1), 5-14.
19.
Lumley, J. (1982). Attitudes to the fetus among primigravidae. Australian Paediatric Journal, 18, 106-109.
20.
Lynn, M. R. (1986). Determination and quantification of content validity. Nursing Research, 35, 382-385.
21.
Main, M. , Kaplan, N., & Cassidy, J. (1985). Security in infancy, childhood, and adulthood: A move to the level of representation. In I. Bretherton & E. Waters (Eds.), Growing points of attachment: Theory and research (pp. 66-104). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
22.
Marris, P. (1982). Attachment and society. In C. M. Parkes & J. Stevenson-Hinde (Eds.), The place of attachment in human behavior (pp. 1042-1057. New York: Basic Books.
23.
Mercer, R. T. (1986). First-time motherhood: Experiences from teens to forties. New York: Springer.
24.
Mercer, R. T. , Ferketich, S., May, K., De Joseph, J., & Sollid, D. (1988). Further exploration of maternal and paternal fetal attachment. Research in Nursing & Health, 11, 83-95.
25.
Muller, M. E. (1990). The development and testing of the Muller Prenatal Attachment Inventory (Doctoral dissertation, University of California, San Francisco, 1989). Dissertation Abstracts International, 50, 3404B.
26.
Phipps, S. , & Zinn, A. B. (1986). Psychological response to amniocentesis: Mood state and adaptation to pregnancy. American Journal of Medical Genetics, 23, 131-142.
27.
Reading, A. E. , Cox, D. N., Sledmere, C. M., & Campbell, S. (1984). Psychological changes over the course of pregnancy: A study of attitudes toward the fetus/neonate. Health Psychology, 3, 211-221.
28.
Rubin, R. (1984). Maternal identity and the maternal experience. New York: Springer.
29.
Schumm, W. R. , Paff-Bergen, L. A., Hatch, R. C., Obiorah, F. C., Copeland, J. M., Meens, L. D., & Bugaighis, M. A. (1986). Concurrent and discriminant validity of the Kansas Marital Satisfaction Scale. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 48, 381-387.
30.
Vito, K. O. (1986). The development of maternal-fetal attachment and the association of selected variables. Dissertation Abstracts International, 47, 998B-998B.
31.
Weaver, R. H. , & Cranley, M. S. (1983). An exploration of paternal-fetal attachment behavior. Nursing Research, 32, 68-72.
32.
Zeller, R. A. , & Carmines, E. G. (1980). Measurement in the social sciences: The link between theory and data. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
33.
Cranley, M. S. (1981). Development of a tool for the measurement of maternal attachment during pregnancy. Nursing Research, 30, 281-284.
34.
Fuller, J. R. (1990). Early patterns of maternal attachment. Health Carefor Women International, 11, 433-446.
35.
Gloger-Tippelt, G. (1988). The development of the mother's conceptions of the child before birth. Paper presented at the Sixth Biennial International Conference on Infant Studies, Washington, DC.
36.
Josten, L. (1981). Prenatal assessment guide for illuminating possible problems with parenting. American Journal of Maternal-Child Nursing, 6, 113-117.
37.
Josten, L. (1982). Contrast in prenatal preparation for mothering. Maternal-Child Nursing Journal, 11(2), 65-73.
38.
Labs, S. M. , & Wurtele, S. K. (1986). Fetal health locus of control scale: Development and validation. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 54, 814-819.
39.
Main, M. (1990). Cross-cultural studies of attachment organization: Recent studies, changing methodologies, and the concept of conditional strategies. Human Development, 33, 48-61.
40.
Mercer, R. T. , & Ferketich, L. S. (1990). Predictors of parental attachment during early parenthood. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 15, 268-280.
41.
Mercer, R. T. , Ferketich, S., May, K., De Joseph, J., & Sollid, D. (1988). Further exploration of maternal and paternal fetal attachment. Research in Nursing & Health, 11, 83-95.
42.
Rubin, R. (1977). Binding-in in the postpartum period. Maternal-Child Nursing, 6(2), 67-75.
43.
Stainton, M. C. (1990). Parents' awareness of their unborn infant in the third trimester. Birth, 17(2), 92-96.
44.
Cranley, M. S. (1981). Development of a tool for the measurement of maternal attachment during pregnancy. Nursing Research, 30, 281-284.
45.
Fuller, J. R. (1990). Early patterns of maternal attachment. Health Care of Women International, 11, 433-446.
46.
Messick, S. (1980). Test validity and the ethics of assessment. American Psychologist, 35, 1012-1027.
47.
Reading, A. E. , Cox, D. N., Sledmere, C. M., & Campbell, S. (1984). Psychological changes overthe course of pregnancy: A study of attitudes toward the fetus/neonate. Health Psychology, 3, 211-221.