Improvements in student learning depend on what teachers know and what they do in their classrooms. To improve student learning, schools must develop ways to pursue the ideal of the learning organization and give teachers the opportunity to learn and develop in a regular, ongoing manner.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Barth, Roland, S.Improving Schools from Within: Teachers, Parents, and Principals Can Make the Difference. San Francisco, Calif.: Jossey-Bass, 1990.
2.
Costa, A. L., and Kallick, B.Assessment in the Learning Organization: Shifting the Paradigm. Alexandria, Va.: ASCD, 1995.
3.
Cross, Christopher T., and Joftus, Scott. "Are Academic Standards a Threat or an Opportunity?"NASSPBulletin, September 1997.
4.
Dilworth, Mary E., and Imig, David G."Professional Teacher Development and the Reform Agenda."ERICDIGEST, 1995.
5.
Elmore, R. F."Teaching, Learning, and School Organization: Principles of Practice and the Regularities of Schooling."Educational Administration Quarterly31(1995): 355-374.
6.
Geranmayeh, A. "Organizational Learning Through Interactive Planning: Design of Learning Systems for Ideal-Seeking Organizations." Doctoral dissertation, University of Pennsylvania, 1992. Dissertation Abstracts International 9308574, 1992.
7.
Hough, D. L."Creating a New Paradigm for Career-Long Teacher Evaluation and Professional Development." Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association, New York, 1994.
8.
Inos, R. H., and Quigley, M. A.Synthesis of the Research on Educational Change. Part 4: The Teacher's Role. Honolulu, Hawaii: Pacific Region Educational Lab, 1995.
9.
Kerka, Sandra. "The Learning Organization: Myths and Realities."ERIC Clearinghouse, 1995.
10.
Louis, Karen S.; Kruse, Sharon; and Raywid, Mary Anne. "Putting Teachers at the Center of Reform: Learning Schools and Professional Communities."NASSPBulletin, May 1996.
11.
O'Neil, John. "On Schools Becoming Learning Organizations: A Conversation with Peter Senge."Educational Leadership, April 1995.
12.
Richardson, Joan. "Teacher Knowledge, Skills Most Important Influences on Student Learning."The NSDC Developer, November 1996.
13.
Senge, Peter, M.The Fifth Discipline.: The Art and Practice of the Learning Organization. New York: Doubleday, 1990.
14.
Sparks, Dennis. "Deepening the Intellectual Life of Teachers."The NSDC Developer, November 1996.
15.
Stigler, James W., and Hiebert, James. "Understanding and Improving Classroom Mathematics Instruction. An Overview of the TIMSS Video Study."Phi Delta Kappan, September 1997.
