We are not helping students acquire the strategic reading skills they will need to cope with the ever-increasing demands of the market place. Administrators, teachers, and parents need to make literacy a top priority and reading skills must be incorporated into courses across the curriculum.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Alberini-Emmett, G., and Plischke, M. "Reading in Health Education." In Reading Across the Curriculum: A Research Report for Teachers, edited by M. M. Dupuis and L. H. Merchant.Bloomington, Ind.: ERIC Clearinghouse on Reading and Communication Skills, 1993.
2.
Anderson, C.W., and Smith, E.L. "Children's Preconceptions and Content Area Textbooks." In Comprehension Instruction: Perspectives and Suggestions, edited by G. Duffy, L. Roehler, and J. Mason.New York: Longman, 1984.
3.
Anthony, H.M., and Raphael, T.E. "Using Questioning Strategies To Promote Students' Active Comprehension of Content Area Material." In Content Area Reading and Learning: Instructional Strategies, edited by D. Lapp , J. Flood, and N. Farnan.Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1989.
4.
Armbruster, B., and Nagy, W.E. "Vocabulary in Content Area Lessons." The Reading Teacher7(1992): 550-51.
5.
Billmeyer, R.Teaching Reading in the Content Areas: If Not Me, Then Who? Aurora, Colo.: Mid-continent Regional Educational Laboratory, 1996.
6.
Chall, J.S. "American Reading Achievement: Should We Worry?" Research in the Teaching of English, October 1996.
7.
Cullinan, B.Children's Literature in the Reading Program. Newark, Del. : International Reading Association, 1987 .
8.
Davey, B. "Think Aloud: Modeling the Cognitive Processes of Reading Comprehension ." Journal of Reading1( 1983): 44-47.
9.
Dole, J.A.; Brown, K.J.; and Trathen, W.O. "The Effects of Strategy Instruction on the Comprehension Performance of At-Risk Students." Reading Research Quarterly, January/February/March 1996.
10.
Duffy, G.G.; Roehler, L.R.; Sivan, E.; Rackliffe, G.; Book, C.; Meloth, M.; Vavrus, L.; Wesselman, R.; Putnam, J.; and Bassiri, D. "Effects of Explaining the Reasoning Associated with Using Reading Strategies." Reading Research Quarterly22(1987): 347-68.
11.
Frayer, D.A.; Frederick, W.C.; and Klausmeier, H.J.A Schema for Testing the Level of Concept Mastery (Technical Report No. 16). Madison, Wis.: University of Wisconsin Research and Development Center for Cognitive Learning , 1969.
12.
Garner, R. "Strategies for Reading and Studying Expository Text." Paper presented at the Midwest Regional Reading Association, Ann Arbor, Mich., December 1985.
Johnson, D.D., and Pearson, P.D.Teaching Reading Vocabulary, 2d ed. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1984.
15.
Marzano, R.J.; Paynter, D.; Kendall, J.; Pickering, D.; and Marzano, L.Literacy Plus: An Integrated Approach to Teaching Reading, Writing, Vocabulary, and Reasoning. Columbus, Ohio: Zaner-Bloser, 1991.
16.
Marzano, R.J.; Pickering, D.J.; Arredondo, D.E.; Blackburn, G.J.; Brandt, R.S.; and Moffett, C.A.Dimensions of Learning. Alexandria, Va.: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development, 1992.
17.
Meyer, B.J.; Brandt., D.M.; and Bluth, J.G. "Use of Top-Level Structure in Text: Key for Reading Comprehension of Ninth Grade Students." Reading Research Quarterly16(1980): 72-103.
18.
Moore, D.W.; Readence, J.E.; and Rickelman, R.J.Prereading Activities for Content Area Reading and Learning. Newark, Del.: International Reading Association, 1982.
19.
Niles, O.S. "Integration of Content and Skills Instruction." In Reading, Thinking, and Concept Development: Strategies for the Classroom, edited by T. L. Harris and E. J. Cooper.New York: College Entrance Examination Board, 1985.
20.
Ogle, D. "The Know, Want To Know, Learning Strategy." In Children's Comprehension of Text, edited by K. D. Muth. Newark, Del.: International Reading Association, 1989.
21.
O'Mara, D.A. "The Process of Reading Mathematics." Journal of Reading25(1981): 22-29.
22.
Palincsar, A.M., and Brown, A.L. "Reciprocal Teaching of Comprehension-Fostering and Monitoring Activities ." Cognition and Instruction1(1984): 117-75.
23.
Paris, S.G.; Lipson, M.Y.; and Wixson, K.K. "Becoming a Strategic Reader." Contemporary Educational Psychology8(1983): 293-316.
24.
Robinson, F.Effective Study. New York: Harper and Row, 1961.
25.
Stedman, L.C., and Kaestle, C.F. "Literacy and Reading Performance in the United States from 1880 to the Present." In Literacy in the United States: Readers and Reading Since 1880, edited by C. F. Kaestle , H. Damon-Moore, L. C. Stedman, K. Tinsley , and W. V. Trollinger.New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1991.
26.
Vacca, R.T., and Vacca, J.L.Content AreaReading, 4th ed. New York: HarperCollins, 1993.
27.
Williams, P.; Reese, C.; Campbell, J.; Mazzeo, J.; and Phillips, G. NAEP 1994Reading: A First Look. Washington, D.C.: U. S. Department of Education, 1995.
28.
Wong, B.Y.L. "Metacognition and Learning Disabilities." In Metacognition, Cognition, and Human Performance, edited by D. L. Forrest-Pressley, G. E. Mackinnon, and T. G. Waller. Orlando, Fla: Academic Press, 1985 .
