School activities are regulated more by case law than by specific articles in state School Codes. Several legal areas are described here to ac quaint administrators with court decisions affect ing school activities.
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References
1.
J. David Mohler and Edward C. Bolmeier , Law of Extracurricular Activities in Secondary Schools (Cincinnati: The W. H. Anderson Co., 1968), p. 2.
2.
Woodson v. School District, No. 28, Kingman Co., 127 Kan. 651, 274 Pac. 728 (1929); McNair v. School Dist. No. 1 of Cascade Co., 87 Mont. 423, 288 Pac. 188 (1930); Moyer v. Board of Education of School Dist. No. 186, 391, Ill. 156, 62 N. E. (2d) 802 (1945); Nichols v. Calhoun, 204 Miss. 291, 37 So. (2d) 313 (1948).
3.
Sorenson v. Christiansen. 72 Wash. 16, 129 Pac. 577 (1913); Commissioner of Dist. of Columbia v. Shannon and Luchs Construction Co., 57 App. D. C. 1967, 17 F. (2d) 219 (1927); Wey v. Ben Avon Borough School District, 14 D. & C. 690 (Pa. 1930); Board of Education of Kanawha County v. Campbells Creek Railroad Co., 138 W. Va. 473, 76 S. E. (2d) 271 (1953).
4.
In re German Township School Directors, 46 D. & C. 562 (Pa., 1942); Petition of Auditors of Hatfield Township School District, 161 Pa. Super. 388, 54 Atl. (2d) 833 (1947).
5.
Royce Independent School District v. Reinhardt, 159 S. W. 1010 (Texas, 1913); Hansen v. Independent School District No. 1 in Nez Perce County, 61 Idaho 109, 98 Pac. (2d) 959 (1940) ; South-western Broadcasting Company v. Oil Center Broadcasting Company, 210 S. W. (2d) 230 (Texas, 1947) ; Carter v. Lake City Baseball Club, 218 S. C. 255, 62 S. E. (2d) 470 (1950) ; Colorado High School Activities Association v. Uncompahgre Broadcasting Company, 300 Pac. (2d) 968 (Colo., 1956).
6.
State Tax Commission v. Board of Education of Holton, 146 Kan. 722, 73 Pac. (2d) 49 (1937).
7.
Edward M. Borchard , "Government Liability in Tort." Yale Law Journal, Vol. 34 (November, 1924), p. 4.
8.
Madaline KinterRemmlein, School Law, Danville, Illinois: The Interstate Printers and Publishers, Inc., 1962, pp. 277-278.
9.
Woodsmall v. Mt. Diablo Unified School District, 10 Cal. Rptr. 447 (1961).
10.
Morris v. Union High School District A, King County, 160 Wash. 121; 294 Pac. 998 (1931).
11.
Welch v. Dunsmuir Joint High School District, 326 Pac. (2d) 633 (Cal., 1958).
12.
Vendrell v. School District No. 26C, Malheur County, 226 Ore. 263, 360 Pac. (2d) 282 (1961); 233 Ore. 1, 376 Pac. (2d) 406 (1962).
13.
Duda v. Gaines, 12 N. J. Super. 326, 79 Atl. (2d) 695 (1951).
14.
DeGooyer v. Harkness, 70 S. D. 26, 13 N. W. (2d) 815 (1944).
15.
Mohler and Bolmeier, Law of Extracurricular Activities in Secondary Schools, p. 149.
16.
Huettner v. Eau Claire, 243 Wisc. 80, 9 N. W. (2d) 583 (1943). 17. Gorton v. Doty, 69 Pac. (2d) 136 (Idaho, 1937).
17.
Hoffman v. Scranton School District, 67 D. & C. 301 (Pa., 1949); Sawaya v. Tucson High School District of Pima County, 78 Ariz. 389, 281 Pac. (2d) 105 (1955); Morris v. School District of the Township of Mount Lebanon, 393 Pa. 633, 144 Atl. (2d) 737 (1958).
18.
Renolds C. Seitz, "Legal Responsibility Under Tort Law of School Personnel and School Districts as Regards Negligent Conduct Toward Pupils." Hastings Law Journal, Vol. 15 (May, 1964), p. 518.
19.
Coggin v. Board of Education of Durham, 223 N. C. 763, 28 S. E. (2d) 527 (1944); Wilson v. Abilene Independent School District, 190 S. W. (2d) 406 (Texas, 1945); Isgrig v. Srygley, 210 Ark. 580, 197 S. W. (2d) 39 (1946); Andeel v. Woods, 174 Kan. 556, 258 Pac. (2d) 285 (1953); Holroyd v. Eibling, 188 N. E. (2d) 208 (C. P., Ohio, 1961), 188 N. E. (2d) 797 (Ohio, 1962).
20.
Lee G. Burchinal , "Do Restrictive Policies Curb Teen Marriages ?" Overview, Vol. 1 (March, 1960), pp. 72-73.
21.
Mohler and Bolmeier, Law of Extracurricular Activities in Seconddary Schools, p57.
22.
E.C. Bolmeier, "Legality and Propriety of School Board Regulations Designed to Govern High School Marriages." Proceedings of the Second School Law Conference, Appalachian StateTeachers College, (Boone, North Carolina: Appalachian State Teachers College , 1963), p. 18.
23.
Kentucky Attorney General Opinions 1960 -1964, OAG62-996, pp. 2-931-33.
24.
Biennial Report of the Attorney General ofFlorida, 1951-52, 052-328, pp. 386-89.
25.
Kissick v. Garland Independent School District, 330 S. W. (2d) 708 (Texas, 1959) ; Cochrane v. Board of Education of the Messick Consolidated School District, 360 Mich. 390, 103 N. W. (2d) 596 (1960); State ex rel. Baker v. Stevenson, 27 Ohio Op. (2d) 223, 189 N. E. (2d) 181 (1962) ; Starkey v. Board of Education of Davis County School District, 14 Utah (2d) 227, 381 Pac. (2d) 718 (1963) ; Board of Directors of the Independent School District of Waterloo v. Green, 147 N. E. (2d) 854 (1967).
26.
Neuhaus v. Torry, 310 F. Supp. 192 (Cal., 1970).
27.
United States v. Jefferson County Board of Education, 372 F. (2d) 836 (1966).
28.
Singleton v. Jackson Municipal Separate School District, 355 F. (2d) 865 (1966).
29.
Morris v. Roberts, 183 Okla. 359, 82 Pac. (2d) 1023; Sult v. Gilbert, 148 Fla. 31, 3 So. (2d) 729 (1941) ; State v. Lawrence Circuit Court, 240 Ind. 114, 162 N. E. (2d) 250 (1959); State v. Judges of Court of Common Pleas, 19 Ohio Op. (2d) 52, 181 N. E. (2d) 262 (1962); Robinson v. Illinois High School Association, 45 Ill. App (2d) 277, 195 N. E. (2d) 38 (1963); Tennessee Secondary School Athletic Association v. Cox, 425 S. W. (2d) 597 (Tenn., 1968); Quimby v. School District No. 21 of Pinal County, 455 Pac. (2d) 1019 (Ariz., 1969) ; Marino v. Walters, 220 So. (2d) 802 (La., 1969).
