This study uses a large, nationally representative data base to examine the multiple correlates of enlistment of young men in the military. It focuses on the recent experience of the all volunteer force (AVF) and pays particular attention to the effects of work, school, and family roles on enlistment in the military and how these effects vary by race. It is argued that the potential for role incompatibility and conflict between the military and work, school, and family roles reduces the likelihood that men who are employed, in school, married, or fathers will enter the military. The findings show that work and school enrollment significantly reduce the likelihood of enlisting in the military for White men but not for Black men. Marriage and parenthood do not affect the likelihood of military enlistment for either Whites or Blacks.
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