The study of American poverty represents a major field of research within the academic and policy communities. Yet, it was not until 1964 that the United States began to officially measure poverty. This review examines what we have learned over the past four decades regarding the effect of poverty on America's families. The following five substantive areas are discussed: (a) the scope and dynamics of American poverty, (b) factors associated with poverty, (c) the effects and consequences of impoverishment, (d) policy strategies for assisting poor families, and (e) needed future research directions.
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