Abstract
Although Transnational Corporations (TNCs) enjoy rights alongside sovereign States, such as the right to arbitrate in international investment disputes, the idea of holding them to account for alleged human violations has been elusive. While there are renewed efforts at the UN Human Rights Council towards an international legally binding instrument aimed at holding TNCs accountable for violations of international human rights standards, this article explores and analyses the usefulness of a Multi-Stakeholder Initiative (MSI) approach in this process. Accordingly, it seeks to reformulate the debate on the accountability of TNCs by affirming a MSI engagement as a workable complementary process, which – although it is being downgraded in most literature on TNCs and human rights accountability – might nevertheless provide best possible outcomes for such a heated subject. Drawing on examples from the Kimberley Process and the global fight against conflict diamonds, it will be argued that despite that fact that MSIs are not an entire replacement of hard-law solutions to global regulatory challenges, they do in principle offer a legitimate and useful approach to the human rights accountability of TNCs.