Indian children's perceptions of control in the cognitive, social and physical
domains of school functioning were assessed by means of the 'Multidimensional
measure of children's perceptions of control' developed by Connell (1980). In
addition, an independent assessment of the children's general perception of control
was obtained. Altogether 75 boys and 75 girls from each of standards 2, 3, 4 and 5
comprised the sample. Appropriate data analyses indicated that for each domain of
activity there was a significant developmental difference in the children's
perception of the three sources of control (internal/external/unknown) and that this
varied with their success or failure significantly more often than the external
source of control category. These major findings have both practical and theoretical implications.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Bachrach, D.
,
L.R. Huesmann
and
R.A. Peterson
, 1977.
The relation between locus of control and the development of moral judgement
. Child Development48,
1340-1352
.
2.
Barling, J.
and
F. Fincham
, 1978.
Locus of control beliefs in male and female Indian and White school
children in South Africa
. Journal of Cross Cultural Psychology9,
227-235
.
3.
Bar-tal, D.
and
Y. Bar-Zohar
, 1977.
The relationship between perception of locus of control and academic achievement
. Contemporary Educational Psychology2,
181-199
.
4.
Bejar, I.I.
, 1980.
Biased assessment of program impact due to psychometric artifacts
. Psychological Bulletin87,
513-524
.
5.
Bryant, B.K.
, 1974.
Locus of control related to teacher-child interperceptual experiences
. Child Development45,
157-164
.
6.
Buriel, R.
, 1981.
The relation of Anglo-and Mexican-American children's locus of control
beliefs to parents' and teachers' socialization practices
. Child Development52,
104-113
.
7.
Connell, J.P.
, 1980. A multidimensional measure of children's perceptions
of control. Manual,
University of Denver
. (Colorado Seminary.)
8.
Crandall, V.C.
,
W. Katkovsky
and
V.J. Crandall
, 1965.
Children's beliefs in their control of reinforcements in intellectual
academic achievement behaviours
. Child Development36,
91-109
.
9.
Fry, P.S.
and
R. Ghosh
, 1980.
Attributions of success and failure: comparison of cultural differences
between Asian and Caucasian children
. Journal of Cross Cultural Psychology11,
343-363
.
10.
Gilmor, T.M.
, 1978.
Locus of control as a mediator of adaptive behaviours in children and adolescents
. Canadian Psychological Review19,
1-26
.
11.
Gorsuch, R.L.
,
R.P. Hemigham
and
C. Barnard
, 1972.
Locus of control: an example of dangers in using children's scales with children
. Child Development43,
579-590
.
12.
Halpin, B.M.
and
D.R. Ottinger
, 1983.
Children's locus of control scales: a reappraisal of reliability characteristics
. Child Development54,
484-487
.
13.
Harter, D.
, 1982.
The perceived competence scale for children
. Child Development53,
87-97
.
14.
Individual Scale for Indian South African (ISISA)
, 1971. Human Sciences Research Council,
Pretoria
.
15.
Kishor, N.
, 1983.
Locus of control and academic achievement. Ethnic discrepancies among Fijians
. Journal of Cross Cultural Psychology14,
297-308
.
16.
Lefcourt, H.M.
, 1966.
Internal versus external control of reinforcement: a review
. Psychological Bulletin4,
206-220
.
17.
Lefcourt, H.M.
, 1976. Locus of control.
Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum
.
18.
Lifshitz, M.
and
L. Ramot
, 1978.
Toward a framework for developing children's locus of control orientation:
implications from the Kibbutz system
. Child Development49,
85-95
.
19.
Loeb, R.C.
, 1975.
Concomitants of boys' locus of control examined in parent-child interactions
. Developmental Psychology11,
353-358
.
20.
Miller, D.T.
, 1976.
Ego involvement and attributions for success and failure
. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology34,
901-906
.
21.
Murphy, G.
and
L.B. Murphy
, 1968. Asian psychology.
New York: Basic Books
.
22.
Nowicki, S.
and
B.R. Strickland
, 1973.
A locus of control scale for children
. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology40,
148-154
.
23.
Patel, C.J.
and
K. Bhana
, 1984. Developmental analyses of Indian children's concerns
in the school setting and related variables. Department of Psychology,
University of Durban-Westville
.
24.
Penk, W.
, 1969.
Age changes and correlates of internal-external control scale
. Psychological Reports25,
856-856
.
25.
Phares, E.J.
, 1976. Locus of control in personality.
Morristown, NJ: General Learning Press
.
Rotter, J.B.
, 1966.
Generalized expectancies for internal versus external control of reinforcement
. Psychological Monographs80 (1, whole no. 609).
28.
Rupp, M.
and
S. Nowicki
, 1978.
Locus of control among Hungarian children: sex, age, school achievement,
and teachers rating of developmental congruence
. Journal of Cross Cultural Psychology9,
359-367
.
29.
Stephens, M.W.
and
P. Delys
, 1973.
A locus of control measure for preschool children
. Developmental Psychology9,
55-65
.
30.
Weiner, B.
, 1979.
A theory of motivation for some classroom experiences
. Journal of Educational Psychology71,
3-25
.
31.
Weiner, B.
, 1980. Human motivation.
New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston
.
32.
Weiner, B.
, 1983.
Some methodological pitfalls in attributional research
. Journal of Educational Psychology75,
530-543
.
