A "nonequivalent control group" design
was employed to measure the effectiveness
of a continuing education program developed to enhance a communitypharmacist's
ability to respond to requests for nonpre scription medication. Trained observers
were used to unobtrusively measure the
pharmacist's behavior before and after the
educational event. Data analyses indicated
a significant improvement in the partici
pant pharmacists' abilities.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Barnes, B. A. (1969) "Continuing education by correspondence."Amer. J. of Pharmaceutical Education33: 826-831.
2.
Braucher, C. L. (1970) "A comparative analysis of three years of continuing education activity."Amer. J. of Pharmaceutical Education34: 234-240.
3.
Benfield, W. R., S. A. Rosenbluth, M. R. Ryan and M. C. Smith (1977) "Detection of the early warning signs of cancer by community pharmacists: an evaluation of training of professional behavior."Amer. J. of Pharmaceutical Education41: 23-28.
4.
Campbell, D. T. and J. C. Stanley (1963) Experimental and Quasi-experimental Designs for Research. Chicago: Rand McNally.
5.
Committee on Evaluation (1952) Adult Education Association, Washington, DC. As cited by E. des. Brunner et al. ( 1959) An Overview of Adult Education Research. Chicago: Adult Education Association of the U.S.A.
6.
Evaluations of Drug Interactions (1976) Washington DC: American Pharmaceutical Association .
7.
Fielding, D. W. (1977) "Performance evaluation of a program in pharmacy continuing education" Ph.D. dissertation, University of British Columbia. — and G. G. Page (1978) "Development and validation of written simulations for pharmacy," Amer. J. of Pharmaceutical Education42: 270-280.
8.
Frederiksen, N. (1962) "Proficiency tests for training evaluation," pp. 323-346 in R. Glaser (ed.) Training Research and Education. Pittsburgh: Univ. of Pittsburgh Press .
9.
Hansten, P. D. (1976) Drug Interactions . Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger .
10.
Hartman, C. W. and C. E. Watkins (1963) "Opinions on continuing education ." Amer. J. of Pharmaceutical Education27: 426-431.
11.
Hodapp, W. J. and C. Kanun (1970) "Measurement of relative effectiveness of programmed instruction and closed circuit television as adult education tools." Amer. J. of Pharmaceutical Education34: 241-248.
12.
Kotzan, J. A. and A. W. Jowdy (1970) "Differential attitudes toward an adult education program for pharmacists." Adult Education21: 20-28.
13.
Lawrence, G. D. and L. S. Linn (1978) "Requests made in community pharmacies : implications for curriculum." Amer. J. of Pharmaceutical Education42: 310-313.
14.
Lloyd, J. S. and S. Abrahamson (1979) "Effectiveness of continuing medical education: a review of the evidence." Evaluation and the Health Professionals2: 251-280.
15.
Long, L. D. (1969) "The evaluation of continuing education efforts." Amer. J. of Public Health59: 967-973.
16.
McKennell, T. M. and P. G. Grussing (1979) "Measuring the outcomes of a pharmacy continuing education program." Amer. J. of Pharmaceutical Education43: 200-202.
17.
Paterson, G. R. (1965) "The participation of pharmaceutical chemists in a continuing education program." Amer. J. of Pharmaceutical Education29: 785-793.
18.
Watkins, R. L., G. J. Norwood , and F. L. Meister ( 1976) "Improving the quality of the pharmacist as a drug advisor to patients and physicians through continuing education." Amer. J. of Pharmaceutical Education40: 34-39.