This article examines a survey and analysis of 41 State Department of Education definitions of gifted and talented. A conceptual framework of components is presented as a means of definition analysis. Definitions are examined and discussed in relation to those characteristic components. Current trends in definitions are placed in an historical context revealing the expansion and refinement of expansion components in definitions for the gifted and talented. The definition issue is discussed in relation to societal values and expectations as they pertain to gifted individuals.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
DivokyD.Education's latest victim: The “LD” Kid. Learning, October, 1974, 20–25
2.
EpsteinM. H.CullinanD.SabitinoD.A.State definitions of behavior disorders. The Journal of Special Education, 1977, 11, 417–425
3.
GossmanH. (Ed.). Manual on terminology and classification in mental retardation, 1973 revision. Washington, D.C.: American Association on Mental Deficiency, 1973
4.
HeberR. F.A manual on terminology and classification in mental retardation. American Journal of Mental Deficiency, 1959, 64, Monogr. Suppl. (Rev. Ed.), 1961
5.
KauffmanJ. M.Characteristics of Children's Behavior Disorders.Columbus, Ohio: Charles E. Merrill, 1977
6.
MarlandS.Education of the Gifted and Talented. Report to Congress of the United States by the U.S. Commissioner of Education (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1972), 3–4
7.
MercerC. D.ForgnoneC.WolingW. D.Definitions of learning disabilities used in the United States. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 9(6), 1976
8.
PursellC.Gifted and Talented Children's Education Act of 1978, Congressional Record.Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, March 14, 1978, H2028
9.
RenzulliJ. S.What makes giftedness? Re-examining a definition. Phi Delta Kappan, 40(3), November 1978, 180–184
10.
RenzulliJ. S.StoddardE. P. (Eds.). Under One Cover: Gifted and Talented Education in Perspective.Council for Exceptional Children, Reston, VA, 1980
11.
TannebaumA. J.A forward and backward glance at the giftd. The National Elementary Principal, 1972, 51 (5), 14
12.
TermanL. M.CoxC. M.Genetic studies of genius: Mental and physical traits of a thousand children.Palo Alto, CA: Stanford University Press, 1926
13.
WhitmoreJ. R.Giftedness, Conflict and Underachievement.Boston: Allyn and Bacon, 1980