In this paper, a theoretical framework is developed which removes the Gaussian assumption commonly used in ultrasonic attenuation estimation based on mean frequency shift. The theory is developed for general non-Gaussian spectra and for media whose attenuation coefficient is nonlinear with frequency. Then, a linear approximation in the estimation of the attenuation coefficient's slope is examined. It is shown that the error due to the linear approximation is negligibly small.
OphirJ.JeagerA., Spectral shifts of ultrasonic propagation through media with nonlinear dispersive attenuation, Ultrasonic Imaging4, 282–289 (1982).
5.
NarajanaP. A.OphirJ., A closed form method for the measurement of attenuation in nonlinearly dispersive media, Ultrasonic Imaging5, 17–21 (1983).
6.
FinkM.HottierF.CardosoJ. F., Ultrasonic signal processing for in-vivo attenuation measurement: short-time Fourier analysis, Ultrasonic Imaging5, 117–135 (1983).
7.
ShafferS.PettiboneD. W.HavliceJ. F.NassiM., Estimation of the ultrasonic attenuation coefficient from a non-Gaussian spectrum, Ultrasonic Imaging5, 186 (1983) (abstract only).
8.
SimondsR. M., Propagation of broadband ultrasound in attenuating media, Ultrasonic Imaging5, 148–160 (1983).
9.
GerzbergL.MeindlJ. D., Power-spectrum centroid detection for Doppler systems applications, Ultrasonics Imaging2, 232–261 (1980).
10.
GossS. A.JohnstonR. L.DunnF., Comprehensive compilation of empirical ultrasonic properties of mammalian tissue, J. Acoust. Soc. Am.64, 423–457 (1978).
11.
GossS. A.FrizzellL. A.DunnF., Ultrasonic absorption and attenuation in mammalian tissues, Ultrasound Med. Biol.5, 181–186 (1979).
12.
GossS. A.JohnstonR. L.DunnF., Compilation of empirical ultrasonics properties of mammalian tissue II, J. Acoust. Soc. Am.68, 93–108 (1980).
13.
BracewellR., The Fourier transform and its application, (McGraw Hill, New York, 1965).
14.
NarayanaP. A.OphirJ., Spectral shifts of ultrasonic propagation: a study of theoretical and experimental models, Ultrasonic Imaging5, 22–29 (1983).
15.
BurlewM. M.MadsenE. L.ZagzebskiJ. A.BanjavicR. A.SumS. W., A new ultrasound tissue-equivalent material with a high melting point and extended speed of sound range, Radiology134, 517–520 (1980).