Informal, out-of-school education encompasses a variety of programs existing alongside the founding and growth of public schools. This chapter explores the history of the institutionalization of informal, out-of-school education, including programs offered by religious institutions, social service organizations, cultural institutions, special interest organizations, the media and universities. Access to these programs is neither uniformly offered nor guaranteed, a situation that potentially exacerbates existent inequities.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
AddamsJ., & SidelR. (1998). Twenty years at Hull-House: With autobiographical notes. New York, NY: Penguin Books.
2.
BakerD., & LeTendreG. K. (2005). National differences, global similarities: World culture and the future of schooling. Stanford, CA: Stanford Social Sciences.
3.
BensonL., HarkavyI. R., & PuckettJ. L. (2007). Dewey's dream: Universities and democracies in an age of education reform: Civil society, public schools, and democratic citizenship. Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press.
BernsteinL., & SeltzerI. (1962). Leonard Bernstein's young people's concerts, for reading and listening. New York, NY: Simon and Schuster.
6.
BowlesS., & GintisH. (1976). Schooling in capitalist America: Educational reform and the contradictions of economic life. New York, NY: Basic Books.
7.
BrykA. S., LeeV. E., & HollandP. B. (1993). Catholic schools and the common good. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
8.
BrykA. S., SebringP. B., AllensworthE., LuppescuS., & EastonJ. Q. (2010). Organizing school for improvement: Lessons from Chicago. Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press.
9.
CavalloD. (1981). Muscles and morals: Organized playgrounds and urban reform, 1880-1920. Phildelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press.
10.
CreminL. A. (1970). American education: The colonial experience, 1607-1783 (1st ed.). New York, NY: Harper & Row.
11.
CreminL. A. (1980). American education: The national experience, 1783-1876 (1st ed.). New York, NY: Harper & Row.
12.
CreminL. A. (1988). American education: The metropolitan experience, 1876-1980 (1st ed.). New York, NY: Harper & Row.
13.
CreminL. A. (1990). Popular education and its discontents (1st ed.). New York, NY: Harper & Row.
14.
DavisM. (2008). Street gang: The complete history of Sesame Street. New York, NY: Viking.
15.
DeweyJ., & BoydstonJ. A. (1976). The middle works, 1899-1924. Carbondale, IL: Southern Illinois University Press.
16.
DowneyD. B., von HippelP. T., & BrohB. A. (2004). Are schools the great equalizer? Cognitive inequality during the summer months and the school year. American Sociological Review, 69, 613–635.
17.
DurkheimE. (1977). The evolution of educational thought: Lectures on the formation and development of secondary education in France. Boston, MA: Routledge & Kegan Paul.
18.
EntwisleD. R., & AlexanderK. L. (1992). Summer setback: Race, poverty, school composition, and mathematics achievement in the first two years of school. American Sociological Review, 57(1), 72–84.
19.
HarperW. R. (1905). The trend in higher education. Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press.
20.
HillM. (2012). Children's services: Working together: Professionals working together with the community (1st ed.). New York, NY: Pearson Longman.
21.
KarierC. J., ViolasP. C., & SpringJ. H. (1972). Roots of crisis: American education in the twentieth century. Chicago, IL: Rand McNally.
22.
KatzM. B. (1968). The irony of early school reform: Educational innovation in mid-nineteenth century Massachusetts. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
23.
KatzM. B. (1971a). Class, bureaucracy, and schools: The illusion of educational change in America. New York, NY: Praeger.
24.
KatzM. B. (1971b). School reform: Past and present. Boston, MA: Little, Brown.
25.
LareauA. (2011). Unequal childhoods: Class, race, and family life (2nd ed.). Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
26.
MannH. (1848). Tweflth Annual Report to the Massachusetts Board of Education. Boston. In MannM. (Ed.), Life and works of Horace Mann. Boston, MA: Walker, Fuller and Company.
27.
MeierD., & WoodG. H. (2004). Many children left behind: How the No Child Left Behind Act is damaging our children and our schools. Boston, MA: Beacon Press.
28.
No Child Left Behind Act of 2001, 20 USC § 6319 (2008).
29.
ProctorT. M. (2009). Scouting for girls: A century of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts. Santa Barbara, CA: Praeger.
30.
ProctorT. M., & BlockN. R. (2009). Scouting frontiers: Youth and the scout movement's first century. Newcastle upon Tyne, England: Cambridge Scholars Pub.
31.
Race to the Top Act of 2011, H.R. 1532,112th Congress (2011).
32.
RavitchD. (2010). The death and life of the great American school system: How testing and choice are undermining education. New York, NY: Basic Books.
33.
SadovnikA. R. (2008). No child left behind and the reduction of the achievement gap: Sociological perspectives on federal educational policy. New York, NY: Routledge.
34.
SadovnikA. R. (2011a). Sociology of education: A critical reader (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Routledge.
35.
SadovnikA. R. (2011b). Waiting for school reform: Charter schools as the latest imperfect panacea. Teachers College Record, Date Published: March 17, 2011 http://www.tcrecord.orgID Number: 16370.
36.
SemelS. F., & SadovnikA. R. (1999). “Schools of tomorrow,” schools of today: What happened to progressive education. New York, NY: Peter Lang.
37.
StackS. F. (2004). Elsie Ripley Capp (1879-1965): Her life and the community school. New York, NY: Peter Lang.
