This chapter highlights the fit between youth-development-oriented programming and informal science activities in out-of-school time (OST) and illustrates how science and youth development can and should co-occur. The clover model and Dimensions of Success tool are introduced as lenses for designing and assessing science program quality in OST.
“While both the afterschool and science fields are at a crossroads, association with the other enhances the potential for each to flourish.”
Afterschool Alliance. (2009). America after 3pm: The most in-depth study of how America's children spend their afternoons. Retrieved from Afterschool Alliance website: http://www.afterschoolalliance.org/AA3_Full_Report.pdf
3.
BensonP. L. (2006). All kids are our kids: What communities must do to raise caring and responsible children and adolescents. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
4.
BransfordJ. D., BrownA. L., & CockingR. R. (Eds.). (2000). How people learn: Brain, mind, experience, and school. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
5.
BrownJ. S., CollinsA., & DuguidP. (1989). Situated cognition and the culture of learning. Educational Researcher, 18(1), 32–41.
6.
DahlgrenC. T., LarsonJ. D., & NoamG. G. (2008). Innovations in out-of-school time science assessment: Peer evaluation and feedback network in metropolitan Kansas City Summer METS Initiative. Kansas City, MO: Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation.
7.
DahlgrenC. T., NoamG. G., & LarsonJ. D. (2008, March). Findings for year one data for the Informal Learning and Science Afterschool Study. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association, New York, NY.
HaefnerL. A., & Zembal-SaulC. (2004). Learning by doing? Prospective elementary teachers’ developing understandings of scientific inquiry and science teaching and learning. International Journal of Science Education, 26(13), 1653–1674.
LortieD. (1975). Schoolteacher: A sociological study. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
13.
McMurrerJ. (2007). Choices, changes, and challenges: Curriculum and instruction in the NCLB era. Washington, DC: Center for Education Policy.
14.
National Academy of the Sciences. (2007). Rising above the gathering storm: Energizing and employing America for a brighter economic future. Washington, DC: National Academy of the Sciences.
15.
National Institute on Out-of-School Time. (2001). Fact sheet on school-age children's out-of-school time.Wellesley, MA: National Institute on Out-of-School Time Center for Research on Women, Wellesley College. Retrieved from http://www.niost.org/pdf/factsheet2009.pdf
16.
National Research Council. (2007). Taking science to school: Learning and teaching science in grades K–8. Washington, DC: National Academies Press.
17.
National Research Council. (2009). Learning science in informal environments: People, places, and pursuits. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
18.
NoamG., BiancarosaG., & DechausayN. (2003). Afterschool education: Approaches to an emerging field. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Education Press.
19.
OECD. (2007). PISA 2006: Science competencies for tomorrow's world volume 1: Analysis. Paris: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
20.
SchwartzS., & NoamG. (2007). Informal science learning in afterschool settings: A natural fit?. Washington, DC: National Academies Press.
21.
ShernoffD. J. (2010). Engagement in afterschool programs as a predictor of social competence and academic performance. American Journal of Community Psychology, 45, 325–337.
22.
TaiR. H., LiuC. Q., MalteseA. V., & FanX. (2006). Planning early for careers in science. Science, 312(5777), 1143–1144.
23.
U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics. (2009). National assessment of educational progress (NAEP). Available at http://nationsreportcard.gov/reading_2009/
24.
U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics. (2013). Employment Characteristics of Families Summary (2012) Retrieved March 20, 2014, from http://www.bls.gov/news.release/pdf/famee.pdf.
25.
YohalemN., & Wilson-AhlstromA. (with FischerS., & ShinnM.). (2009). Measuring youth program quality: A guide to assessment tools (2nd ed.). Washington, DC: The Forum for Youth Investment.