Race,Social Class and Psychological Distress in Rural and Urban Southern Communities

Antunes George , Gordon Carl , and Scott John . 1974. “Ethnicity, Socioeconomic Status and the Etiology of Psychological Distress.” Sociology and Social Research 58: 361–68.

Bell Roger , Leroy John , Lin Evan , and Schwab John . 1981. “Change and Psychopathology: Epidemiologic Considerations.” Community Mental Health Journal 17: 203–13.

Carr Lawrence , and Krause Niel . 1978. “Social Status, Psychiatric Symptomatology and Response Bias.” Journal of Health and Social Behavior 19: 86–91.

Coleman A. 1967. “Race Relations and Developmental Change.” Social Forces, 46, 1–7.

Comstock George , and Helsing Kenneth . 1976. “Symptoms of Depression in Two Communities.” Psychological Medicine 6: 551–63.

Dressler William . 1985. “Extended Family Relationships, Social Support, and Mental Health in a Southern Black Community.” Journal of Health and Social Behavior 26: 39–49.

Dupuy Harold . 1978. “Self-representations of General Psychological Well-Being of American Adults.” Paper presented at the meeting of the American Public Health Association, Los Angeles, October 19-22.

Fratoe Frank . 1980. The Education of Nonmetro Blacks. USDA-ESCS, Rural Development Research Report, No. 21. United States Department of Agriculture.

Frerichs R. , Aneshensel Carol , and Clark Van . 1981. “Prevalence of Depression in Los Angeles County.” American Journal of Epidemiology 113: 691–99.

Greenberg Samuel . 1981. “Race and Business Enterprise in Alabama.” Political power and Social Theory 2: 203–238.

Husaini Baqar , Neff James , and Stone Robert . 1979. “Psychiatric Impairment in Rural Communities.” Journal of Community Psychology 7: 137–146.

Ilfeld Frank . 1978. “Psychological Status of Community Residents Along Major Demographic Dimensions.” Archives of General Psychiatry 35: 716–24.

Kessler Ron C. , and Neighbors Harold W. 1983. “Special Issues Related to Racial and Ethnic Minorities in the United States. A position paper written for the NIMH Panel on Behavior Sciences Research in Mental Health. The Institute for Social Research. The University of Michigan.

Kessler Ron C. , and Neighbors Harold W. 1986. “A New Perspective on the Relationships Among Race, Social Class, and Psychological Distress.” Journal of Health and Social Behavior 27: 107–115.

Kish Leslie . 1965. Survey Sampling. New York: Wiley.

Leighton David , Harding J. , Macklin Donald , Macmillan Arthur , and Leighton Alex . 1963. The Character of Danger: Psychiatric symptoms in selected committees. New York: Basic.

Macmillan Arthur . 1957. “The Health Opinion Survey: Technique for Estimating Prevalence of Psychoneurotic and Related Types of Disorder in Communities.” Psychological Reports 3: 325–339.

Mirowsky John , and Ross Carl . 1980. “Minority Status, Ethnic Culture, and Distress: A Comparison of Blacks, Whites, Mexicans, and Mexican-Americans.” American Journal of Sociology 86: 479–95.

Molnar John , and Lawson William . 1984. “Perceptions of Barriers to Place Political and Economic Progress in Rural Areas.” Rural Sociology 4: 261–283.

Neff James , and Husaini Baqar . 1980. “Race, Socioeconomic Status and Psychiatric Impairment: A Research Note.” Journal of Community Psychology 8: 16–19.

Neff James , and Husaini Baqar . 1987. “Urbanicity, Race, and Psychological Distress.” Journal of Community Psychology 15: 520–534.

Neighbors Harold W. 1987. “Improving the Mental Health of Black Americans: Lessons from the Community Mental Health Movement.” Unpublished paper, School of Public Health, University of Michigan.

Parker Samuel , and Kleiner Robert . 1966. Mental Illness in the Urban Negro Community. New York: Free Press.

Radloff L. 1977. “The CES-D Scale: a Self-Report Depression Scale for Research in the General Population.” Applied Psychological Measurement, 1, 385–401.

Roberts R. , Stevenson Jay , and Breslow Lary . 1981. “Symptoms of Depression Among Blacks and Whites in an Urban Community.” Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 169: 774–79.

Steele Robert . 1978. “Relationship of Race, Sex, Class and Social Mobility to Depression in Normal Adults.” Journal of Social Psychology 104: 37–47.

U. S. Bureau of Census. 1970. General Social and Economic Characteristics, Tennessee, 1970 (U. S. Census Publication No. PC (1)-C44). Washington, D.C.: U. S. Bureau of the Census.

U. S. Bureau of Census. 1982. General Social and Economic Characteristics, Tennessee, 1980 (U. S. Census Publication No. 80-1-C44). Washington, D.C.: U. S. Bureau of the Census.

Vernon S. , and Roberts Raymond . 1982. “Use of the SADS-RDC in a Tri-Ethnic Community Survey.” Archives of General Psychiatry 39: 47–52.

Warheit George , Holzer Charles , and Schwab John . 1973. “An Analysis of Social Class and Racial Differences in Depressive Symptomatology.” Journal of Health and Social Behavior 14: 291.

Warheit George , Holzer Charles , and Arey Stephen . 1975. “Race and Mental Illness: an Epidemiologic Update.” Journal of Health and Social Behavior 16: 243–56.

Weismann Michael , and Myers Jerome . 1978. “Rates and Risks of Depressive Symptoms in a United States Urban Community.” Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavia 57: 209–31.