Best Practices in Local Animal Control Ordinances

Abstract

Inadequate animal control ordinances can lead to increased health risks from dog bites, lawsuits from dog attacks, complaints about nuisance issues, improper care of and lack of protection for companion animals, and animal suffering. Yet, no research to date has explored the nature of extant local animal control ordinances nor assessed how closely they match best practice guidelines. This article provides information to public officials on model policy by examining local animal control ordinances in Michigan, comparing existing policy to best practice models, identifying the types of communities most likely to promulgate model policy, and making recommendations regarding local animal control ordinances. The findings make clear that cities on the whole do not have animal control ordinances that follow best practice guidelines. Generally, control issues are emphasized over animal welfare concerns, and policies are not sufficiently detailed to protect the community, animal guardians, or the animals themselves.