This study systematically assessed the various roles essential to managers on different levels of the managerial hierarchy. A sample of 352 top, middle, and low-level managers from both large and small organizations in a variety of industries was asked to rate the various roles required by their positions. The analysis of variance results indicate that 7 of the 10 roles are influenced by hierarchical level. A quadratic discriminant analysis was used to identify a role profile for managers on different levels of the managerial hierarchy. Implications for the practice and teaching of business are discussed.
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