Manganese is vital in human nutrition. When oral intake is precluded, the recommended parenteral supplementation is 0.15 to 0.8 mg/day. Manganese is excreted primarily in the bile; during cholestasis, serum manganese levels may rise, and manganese toxicity ensue. Neuropsychiatric symptoms are prominent. Phenothiazine-derivative drugs may potentiate manganese toxicity. Serum or whole blood manganese levels should guide manganese therapy in jaundiced patients. (Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition 14 :428-430, 1990)
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