Advances in the Science and Application of Body Composition Measurement

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Heymsfield SB Wang Z Baumgartner RN Ross R . Human body composition: advances in models and methods. Annu Rev Nutr. 1997;17:527-558.

Dempster P Aitkens S . A new air displacement method for the determination of human body composition. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1995;27(12):1692-1697.

McCrory MA Gomez TD Bernauer EM Mole PA . Evaluation of a new air displacement plethysmograph for measuring human body composition. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1995;27(12):1686-1691.

Fields DA Goran MI . Body composition techniques and the four-compartment model in children. J Appl Physiol. 2000;89(2):613-620.

Urlando A Dempster P Aitkens S . A new air displacement plethysmograph for the measurement of body composition in infants. Pediatr Res. 2003;53(3):486-492.

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Laskey MA . Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and body composition. Nutrition. 1996;12(1):45-51.

Kelly TL Berger N Richardson TL . DXA body composition: theory and practice. Appl Radiat Isot. 1998;49(5-6):511-513.

Kelly TL Wilson KE Heymsfield SB . Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry body composition reference values from NHANES. PLoS One. 2009;4(9):e7038.

Leonard CM Roza MA Barr RD Webber CE . Reproducibility of DXA measurements of bone mineral density and body composition in children. Pediatr Radiol. 2009;39(2):148-154.

Snijder MB Visser M Dekker JM . The prediction of visceral fat by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in the elderly: a comparison with computed tomography and anthropometry. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2002;26(7):984-993.

Modlesky CM Cavaiola ML Smith JJ Rowe DA Johnson DL Miller F . A DXA-based mathematical model predicts midthigh muscle mass from magnetic resonance imaging in typically developing children but not in those with quadriplegic cerebral palsy. J Nutr. 2010;140(12):2260-2265.

Shepherd JA Malkov S Fan B Laidevant A Novotny R Maskarinec G . Breast density assessment in adolescent girls using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry: a feasibility study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2008;17(7):1709-1713.

Buchholz AC Bartok C Schoeller DA . The validity of bioelectrical impedance models in clinical populations. Nutr Clin Pract. 2004;19(5):433-446.

Kyle UG Bosaeus I De Lorenzo AD . Bioelectrical impedance analysis—part I: review of principles and methods. Clin Nutr. 2004;23(5):1226-1243.

Moissl UM Wabel P Chamney PW . Body fluid volume determination via body composition spectroscopy in health and disease. Physiol Meas. 2006;27(9):921-933.

Jaffrin MY Morel H . Body fluid volumes measurements by impedance: a review of bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) and bioimpedance analysis (BIA) methods. Med Eng Phys. 2008;30(10):1257-1269.

Matthie JR . Bioimpedance measurements of human body composition: critical analysis and outlook. Expert Rev Med Devices. 2008;5(2):239-261.

Wabel P Chamney P Moissl U Jirka T . Importance of whole-body bioimpedance spectroscopy for the management of fluid balance. Blood Purif. 2009;27(1):75-80.

Wieskotten S Heinke S Wabel P . Bioimpedance-based identification of malnutrition using fuzzy logic. Physiol Meas. 2008;29(5):639-654.

Tinsley FC Taicher GZ Heiman ML . Evaluation of a quantitative magnetic resonance method for mouse whole body composition analysis. Obes Res. 2004;12(1):150-160.

Napolitano A Miller SR Murgatroyd PR . Validation of a quantitative magnetic resonance method for measuring human body composition. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2008;16(1):191-198.

Gallagher D Thornton JC He Q . Quantitative magnetic resonance fat measurements in humans correlate with established methods but are biased. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2010;18(10):2047-2054.

Andres A Mitchell AD Badger TM . QMR: validation of an infant and children body composition instrument using piglets against chemical analysis. Int J Obes (Lond). 2010;34(4):775-780.

Swe Myint K Napolitano A Miller SR . Quantitative magnetic resonance (QMR) for longitudinal evaluation of body composition changes with two dietary regimens. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2010;18(2):391-396.

Shen W Wang Z Punyanita M . Adipose tissue quantification by imaging methods: a proposed classification. Obes Res. 2003;11(1):5-16.

Shen W Chen J . Application of imaging and other noninvasive techniques in determining adipose tissue mass. Methods Mol Biol. 2008;456:39-54.

Heshka S Puryanitya M Shen W . Inter-reader reliability in reconstructing tissue volumes from magnetic resonance images. FASEB J. 2004;18(4):A177.

Shen W Punyanitya M Chen J . Visceral adipose tissue: relationships between single slice areas at different locations and obesity-related health risks. Int J Obes (Lond). 2007;31(5):763-769.

Shen W Punyanitya M Wang Z . Visceral adipose tissue: relations between single-slice areas and total volume. Am J Clin Nutr. 2004;80(2):271-278.

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Schrauwen P van Marken Lichtenbelt WD Saris WH Westerterp KR . Changes in fat oxidation in response to a high-fat diet. Am J Clin Nutr. 1997;66(2):276-282.

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Smith SR de Jonge L Zachwieja JJ . Concurrent physical activity increases fat oxidation during the shift to a high-fat diet. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000;72(1):131-138.

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Jebb SA Murgatroyd PR Goldberg GR Prentice AM Coward WA . In vivo measurement of changes in body composition: description of methods and their validation against 12-d continuous whole-body calorimetry. Am J Clin Nutr. 1993;58(4):455-462.

Bosy-Westphal AL Morgenstern A Later W Muller MJ . Specifics of refeeding vs. overfeeding in a strictly controlled nutritional intervention study: implications for weight regain after weight loss. Obes Rev. 2010;11:218.

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Gallagher D Belmonte D Deurenberg P . Organ-tissue mass measurement allows modeling of REE and metabolically active tissue mass. Am J Physiol. 1998;275(2, pt 1):E249-E258.

Kleiber M . Body size and metabolism. Hilgardia. 1932;6:315-351.

Kleiber M . Body size and metabolic rate. Physiol Rev. 1947;27(4):511-541.

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Fukagawa NK Bandini LG Young JB . Effect of age on body composition and resting metabolic rate. Am J Physiol. 1990;259(2, pt 1):E233-E238.

Piers LS Soares MJ McCormack LM O’Dea K . Is there evidence for an age-related reduction in metabolic rate? J Appl Physiol. 1998;85(6):2196-2204.

Bosy-Westphal A Eichhorn C Kutzner D Illner K Heller M Muller MJ . The age-related decline in resting energy expenditure in humans is due to the loss of fat-free mass and to alterations in its metabolically active components. J Nutr. 2003;133(7):2356-2362.

Puggaard L Bjornsbo KS Kock K Luders K Thobo-Carlsen B Lammert O . Age-related decrease in energy expenditure at rest parallels reductions in mass of internal organs. Am J Hum Biol. 2002;14(4):486-493.

Garby L Lammert O Kock KF Thobocarlsen B . Weights of brain, heart, liver, kidneys, and spleen in healthy and apparently healthy adult Danish subjects. Am J Hum Biol. 1993;5(3):291-296.

He Q Heshka S Albu J . Smaller organ mass with greater age, except for heart. J Appl Physiol. 2009;106(6):1780-1784.

Javed F He Q Davidson LE . Brain and high metabolic rate organ mass: contributions to resting energy expenditure beyond fat-free mass. Am J Clin Nutr. 2010;91(4):907-912.

Wang Z Heshka S Gallagher D Boozer CN Kotler DP Heymsfield SB . Resting energy expenditure–fat-free mass relationship: new insights provided by body composition modeling. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2000;279(3):E539-E545.

Gallagher D Albu J He Q . Small organs with a high metabolic rate explain lower resting energy expenditure in African American than in white adults. Am J Clin Nutr. 2006;83(5):1062-1067.

Leibel RL Hirsch J . Diminished energy requirements in reduced-obese patients. Metabolism. 1984;33(2):164-170.

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Bosy-Westphal A Kossel E Goele K . Contribution of individual organ mass loss to weight loss-associated decline in resting energy expenditure. Am J Clin Nutr. 2009;90(4):993-1001.

Carrasco F Papapietro K Csendes A . Changes in resting energy expenditure and body composition after weight loss following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Obes Surg. 2007;17(5):608-616.

Dulloo AG Jacquet J Girardier L . Autoregulation of body composition during weight recovery in human: the Minnesota Experiment revisited. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1996;20(5):393-405.

Hall KD . Body fat and fat-free mass inter-relationships: Forbes’s theory revisited. Br J Nutr. 2007;97(6):1059-1063.

Chow CC Hall KD . The dynamics of human body weight change. PLoS Comput Biol. 2008;4(3):e1000045.

Hall KD . Mechanisms of metabolic fuel selection: modeling human metabolism and body-weight change. IEEE Eng Med Biol Mag. 2010;29(1):36-41.

Hall KD . Predicting metabolic adaptation, body weight change, and energy intake in humans. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2010;298(3):E449-E466.

Hall KD Guo J Dore M Chow CC . The progressive increase of food waste in America and its environmental impact. PLoS One. 2009;4(11):e7940.

Hall KD Sacks G Chandramohan D Chow CC Wang YC Gortmaker SL Swinburn BA Quantification of the effect of energy imbalance on bodyweight. Lancet. 2011;378:826-37.

Baumgartner RN Koehler KM Gallagher D . Epidemiology of sarcopenia among the elderly in New Mexico. Am J Epidemiol. 1998;147(8):755-763.

Delmonico MJ Harris TB Visser M . Longitudinal study of muscle strength, quality, and adipose tissue infiltration. Am J Clin Nutr. 2009;90(6):1579-1585.

Visser M Goodpaster BH Kritchevsky SB . Muscle mass, muscle strength, and muscle fat infiltration as predictors of incident mobility limitations in well-functioning older persons. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2005;60(3):324-333.

Newman AB Kupelian V Visser M . Strength, but not muscle mass, is associated with mortality in the health, aging and body composition study cohort. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2006;61(1):72-77.

Aagaard P Suetta C Caserotti P Magnusson SP Kjaer M . Role of the nervous system in sarcopenia and muscle atrophy with aging: strength training as a countermeasure. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2010;20(1):49-64.

Clark BC Manini TM . Functional consequences of sarcopenia and dynapenia in the elderly. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2010;13(3):271-276.

Tan BHL Birdsell LA Martin L Baracos VE Fearon KCH . Sarcopenia in an overweight or obese patient is an adverse prognostic factor in pancreatic cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 2009;15(22): 6973-6979.

Lieffers JR Mourtzakis M Hall KD McCargar LJ Prado CMM Baracos VE . A viscerally driven cachexia syndrome in patients with advanced colorectal cancer: contributions of organ and tumor mass to whole-body energy demands. Am J Clin Nutr. 2009;89(4):1173-1179.

Prado CMM Liefers JR McCargar LJ . Prevalence and clinical implications of sarcopenic obesity in patients with solid tumours of the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts: a population-based study. Lancet Oncol. 2008;9(7):629-635.

Baracos VE Reiman T Mourtzakis M Gioulbasanis I Antoun S . Body composition in patients with non–small cell lung cancer: a contemporary view of cancer cachexia with the use of computed tomography image analysis. Am J Clin Nutr. 2010;91(4):1133S-1137S.

Prado CMM Antoun S Sawyer MB Baracos VE . Two faces of drug therapy in cancer: drug-related lean tissue loss and its adverse consequences to survival and toxicity. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2011;14(3):250-254.

Fearon K Strasser F Anker SD . Definition and classification of cancer cachexia: an international consensus. Lancet Oncol. 2011;12(5):489-495.

Kyle UG Genton L Pichard C . Hospital length of stay and nutritional status. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2005;8(4):397-402.

Thibault R Pichard C . Nutrition and clinical outcome in intensive care patients. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2010;13(2):177-183.

Wang Z Ying Z Bosy-Westphal A . Specific metabolic rates of major organs and tissues across adulthood: evaluation by mechanistic model of resting energy expenditure. Am J Clin Nutr. 2010;92:1369-1377.

Barbosa-Silva MC Barros AJ Post CL Waitzberg DL Heymsfield SB . Can bioelectrical impedance analysis identify malnutrition in preoperative nutrition assessment? Nutrition. 2003;19(5):422-426.

Kyle UG Pichard C . Dynamic assessment of fat-free mass during catabolism and recovery. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2000;3(4):317-322.

Jackson AS Pollock ML . Practical assessment of body-composition. Phys Sportsmed. 1985;13(5):76-90.

Thomas D Das SK Levine JA . New fat free mass–fat mass model for use in physiological energy balance equations. Nutr Metab (Lond). 2010;7:39.

Thomas DM Schoeller DA Redman LA Martin CK Levine JA Heymsfield SB . A computational model to determine energy intake during weight loss. Am J Clin Nutr. 2010;92(6):1326-1331.