Glycemic Control and Nutrition

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Marik PE Preiser JC . Toward understanding tight glycemic control in the ICU: a systematic review and metaanalysis. Chest. 2010;137:544-551.

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Qaseem A Humphrey LL Chou R Snow V Shekelle P . Use of intensive insulin therapy for the management of glycemic control in hospitalized patients: a clinical practice guideline from the American College of Physicians. Ann Intern Med. 2011;154:260-267.

Pasquel FJ Spiegelman R McCauley M . Hyperglycemia during total parenteral nutrition: an important marker of poor outcome and mortality in hospitalized patients. Diabetes Care. 2010; 33:739-741.

Cheung NW Napier B Zaccaria C Fletcher JP . Hyperglycemia is associated with adverse outcomes in patients receiving total parenteral nutrition. Diabetes Care. 2005;28:2367-2371.

Dungan KM Braithwaite SS Preiser JC . Stress hyperglycaemia. Lancet. 2009;373:1798-1807.

Wolfe RR . Sepsis as a modulator of adaptation to low and high carbohydrate and low and high fat intakes. Eur J Clin Nutr. 1999;53:S136-S142.

Berger MM Mechanick JI . Continuing controversy in the intensive care unit: why tight glycemic control, nutrition support, and nutritional pharmacology are each necessary therapeutic considerations. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2010;13:167-169.

Burke PA Young LS Bistrian BR . Metabolic vs nutrition support: a hypothesis. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2010;34:546-548.

Kauffmann R Hayes R Jenkins J . Provision of balanced nutrition protects against hypoglycemia in the critically ill surgical patient. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2011;35: 686-694.

Finfer S Chittock DR Su SY . Intensive versus conventional glucose control in critically ill patients. N Engl J Med. 2009;360:1283-1297.

Preiser JC Devos P Ruiz-Santana S . A prospective randomised multi-centre controlled trial on tight glucose control by intensive insulin therapy in adult intensive care units: the Glucontrol Study. Intensive Care Med. 2009;35:1738-1748.

Casaer MP Mesotten D Hermans G . Early versus late parenteral nutrition in critically ill adults. N Engl J Med 2011 e-pub June 29, 2011. DOI 10.1056/NEJMoa110266210.1056/NEJMoa1102662

Arabi YM Tamim HM Dhar GS . Permissive underfeeding and intensive insulin therapy in critically ill patients: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2011;93:569-577.

Rice TW Mogan S Hays MA Bernard GR Jensen GL Wheeler AP . Randomized trial of initial trophic versus full-energy enteral nutrition in mechanically ventilated patients with acute respiratory failure. Crit Care Med. 2011;39:967-974.

Ichai C Preiser JC . International recommendations for glucose control in adult non diabetic critically ill patients. Crit Care. 2010;14:R166.

Pielmeier U Andreassen S Juliussen B Chase JG Nielsen BS Haure P . The Glucosafe system for tight glycemic control in critical care: a pilot evaluation study. J Crit Care. 2010;25:97-104.

Chase JG Shaw G Le Compte A . Implementation and evaluation of the SPRINT protocol for tight glycaemic control in critically ill patients: a clinical practice change. Crit Care. 2008;12(2):R49.

Deane AM Summers MJ Zaknic AV . Glucose absorption and small intestinal transit in critical illness. Crit Care Med. 2011;39:1282-1288.

Lacherade JC Jacqueminet S Preiser JC . An overview of hypoglycemia in the critically ill. J Diabetes Sci Technol. 2009;3: 1242-1249.

Vriesendorp TM van Santen S DeVries JH . Predisposing factors for hypoglycemia in the intensive care unit. Crit Care Med. 2006;34:96-101.

Egi M Bellomo R Stachowski E . Hypoglycemia and outcome in critically ill patients. Mayo Clin Proc. 2010;85:217-224.

Krinsley JS Schultz MJ Spronk PE . Mild hypoglycemia is independently associated with increased mortality in the critically ill. Crit Care. 2011;15:R173.