Inflammation and Liver

Ferre N, Claria J. New insights into the regulation of liver inflammation and oxidative stress. Mini Rev Med Chem.2006 ;6:1321 -1330.

Szabo G, Mandrekar P, Dolganiuc A. Innate immune response and hepatic inflammation. Semin Liver Dis.2007 ;27:339 -350.

Szabo G, Romics L Jr, Frendl G. Liver in sepsis and systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Clin Liver Dis.2002 ;6:1045 -1066.

Zahlten RN, Rogoff TM, Steer CJ. Isolated Kupffer cells, endothelial cells and hepatocytes as investigative tools for liver research. Fed Proc. 1981;40:2460 -2468.

Shoelson SE, Lee J, Goldfine AB. Inflammation and insulin resistance. J Clin Invest.2006 ;116:1793 -1801.

Ikejima K, Okumura K, Kon K, Takei Y, Sato N. Role of adipocytokines in hepatic fibrogenesis. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2007;22(suppl 1): S87-S92.

Decker K. The response of liver macrophages to inflammatory stimulation. Keio J Med.1998 ;47:1 -9.

Kmiec Z. Cooperation of liver cells in health and disease. Adv Anat Embryol Cell Biol.2001 ;161:1 -151.

Anuar F, Whiteman M, Siau JL, Kwong SE, Bhatia M, Moore PK. Nitric oxide-releasing flurbiprofen reduces formation of proinflammatory hydrogen sulfide in lipopolysaccharide-treated rat. Br J Pharmacol. 2006;147:966 -974.

Ulsenheimer A, Gerlach JT, Jung MC, et al. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells in acute and chronic hepatitis C virus infection. Hepatology.2005 ;41:643 -651.

Koj A, Guzdek A, Potempa J, Korzus E, Travis J. Origin of circulating acute phase cytokines: modified proteins may trigger IL-6 production by macrophages. Preliminary report. J Physiol Pharmacol. 1994;45:69 -80.

Jaeschke H, Hasegawa T. Role of neutrophils in acute inflammatory liver injury. Liver Int.2006 ;26:912 -919.

Markiewski MM, DeAngelis RA, Lambris JD. Liver inflammation and regeneration: two distinct biological phenomena or parallel pathophysiologic processes? Mol Immunol.2006 ;43:45 -56.

Fourel I, Cullen JM, Saputelli J, et al. Evidence that hepatocyte turnover is required for rapid clearance of duck hepatitis B virus during antiviral therapy of chronically infected ducks. J Virol. 1994;68:8321 -8330.

Ysebaert DK, De Greef KE, De Beuf A, et al. T cells as mediators in renal ischemia/reperfusion injury. Kidney Int.2004 ;66:491 -496.

Yang R, Uchiyama T, Watkins SK, Han X, Fink MP. Ethyl pyruvate reduces liver injury in a murine model of extrahepatic cholestasis. Shock. 2004;22:369 -375.

Aleffi S, Petrai I, Bertolani C, et al. Upregulation of proinflammatory and proangiogenic cytokines by leptin in human hepatic stellate cells. Hepatology.2005 ;42:1339 -1348.

De Taeye BM, Novitskaya T, McGuinness OP, et al. Macrophage TNF-alpha contributes to insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis in diet-induced obesity. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab.2007 ;293:E713 -E725.

Grenz A, Schenk M, Zipfel A, Viebahn R. TNF-alpha and its receptors mediate graft rejection and loss after liver transplantation. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2000;38:1183 -1185.

Chang S, Dolganiuc A, Szabo G. Toll-like receptors 1 and 6 are involved in TLR2-mediated macrophage activation by hepatitis C virus core and NS3 proteins. J Leukoc Biol.2007 ;82:479 -487.

McKim SE, Gabele E, Isayama F, et al. Inducible nitric oxide synthase is required in alcohol-induced liver injury: studies with knockout mice. Gastroenterology.2003 ;125:1834 -1844.

Vrba J, Modriansky M. Oxidative burst of Kupffer cells: target for liver injury treatment. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2002;146:15 -20.

Schwabe RF, Brenner DA. Mechanisms of liver injury. I. TNF-alpha-induced liver injury: role of IKK, JNK, and ROS pathways. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol.2006 ;290:G583 -G589.

Elsharkawy AM, Mann DA. Nuclear factor-kappaB and the hepatic inflammation-fibrosis-cancer axis. Hepatology.2007 ;46:590 -597.

Hatano E. Tumor necrosis factor signaling in hepatocyte apoptosis. J Gastroenterol Hepatol.2007 ;22(suppl 1):S43 -S44.

Khovidhunkit W, Kim MS, Memon RA, et al. Effects of infection and inflammation on lipid and lipoprotein metabolism: mechanisms and consequences to the host. J Lipid Res.2004 ;45:1169 -1196.

Bordji K, Grillasca JP, Gouze JN, et al. Evidence for the presence of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) alpha and gamma and retinoid Z receptor in cartilage. PPARgamma activation modulates the effects of interleukin-1beta on rat chondrocytes. J Biol Chem.2000 ;275:12243 -12250.

Chinetti G, Fruchart JC, Staels B. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs): nuclear receptors at the crossroads between lipid metabolism and inflammation. Inflamm Res. 2000;49:497 -505.

Watanabe M, Houten SM, Mataki C, et al. Bile acids induce energy expenditure by promoting intracellular thyroid hormone activation. Nature. 2006;439:484 -489.

Poli G. Pathogenesis of liver fibrosis: role of oxidative stress. Mol Aspects Med.2000 ;21:49 -98.

Albano E. Alcohol, oxidative stress and free radical damage. Proc Nutr Soc.2006 ;65:278 -290.

Duvnjak M, Lerotic I, Barsic N, Tomasic V, Virovic JL, Velagic V. Pathogenesis and management issues for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. World J Gastroenterol.2007 ;13:4539 -4550.

Loguercio C, Federico A. Oxidative stress in viral and alcoholic hepatitis. Free Radic Biol Med.2003 ;34:1 -10.

Campbell JS, Riehle KJ, Brooling JT, Bauer RL, Mitchell C, Fausto N. Proinflammatory cytokine production in liver regeneration is Myd88-dependent, but independent of Cd14, Tlr2, and Tlr4. J Immunol. 2006;176:2522 -2528.

John B, Crispe IN. TLR-4 regulates CD8+ T cell trapping in the liver. J Immunol.2005 ;175:1643 -1650.

Shi H, Kokoeva MV, Inouye K, Tzameli I, Yin H, Flier JS. TLR4 links innate immunity and fatty acid-induced insulin resistance. J Clin Invest. 2006;116:3015 -3025.

Johnson GL, Nakamura K. The c-jun kinase/stress-activated pathway: regulation, function and role in human disease. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2007;1773:1341 -1348.

Arkan MC, Hevener AL, Greten FR, et al. IKK-beta links inflammation to obesity-induced insulin resistance. Nat Med.2005 ;11:191 -198.

de Luca C, Olefsky JM. Inflammation and insulin resistance. FEBS Lett.2008 ;582:97 -105.

Rahman SM, Schroeder-Gloeckler JM, Janssen RC, et al. CCAAT/enhancing binding protein beta deletion in mice attenuates inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and lipid accumulation in diet-induced nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Hepatology.2007 ;45:1108 -1117.

Bataller R, Brenner DA. Hepatic stellate cells as a target for the treatment of liver fibrosis. Semin Liver Dis.2001 ;21:437 -451.

Lalor PF, Sun PJ, Weston CJ, Martin-Santos A, Wakelam MJ, Adams DH. Activation of vascular adhesion protein-1 on liver endothelium results in an NF-kappaB-dependent increase in lymphocyte adhesion. Hepatology.2007 ;45:465 -474.

Strazzabosco M, Fabris L, Spirli C. Pathophysiology of cholangiopathies. J Clin Gastroenterol.2005 ;39 (4 Suppl 2):S90 -S102.

Figueiredo FA, De Mello PR, Kondo M. Effect of liver cirrhosis on body composition: evidence of significant depletion even in mild disease. J Gastroenterol Hepatol.2005 ;20:209 -216.

Mullen KD, Denne SC, McCullough AJ, et al. Leucine metabolism in stable cirrhosis. Hepatology.1986 ;6:622 -630.

McCullough AJ, Mullen KD, Kalhan SC. Defective nonoxidative leucine degradation and endogenous leucine flux in cirrhosis during an amino acid infusion. Hepatology.1998 ;28:1357 -1364.

Tessari P. Protein metabolism in liver cirrhosis: from albumin to muscle myofibrils. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care.2003 ;6:79 -85.

Tessari P, Barazzoni R, Kiwanuka E, et al. Impairment of albumin and whole body postprandial protein synthesis in compensated liver cirrhosis. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab.2002 ;282:E304 -E311.

Tessari P, Inchiostro S, Barazzoni R, et al. Fasting and postprandial phenylalanine and leucine kinetics in liver cirrhosis. Am J Physiol.1994 ;267:E140 -E149.

Dasarathy S, Dodig M, Muc SM, Kalhan SC, McCullough AJ. Skeletal muscle atrophy is associated with an increased expression of myostatin and impaired satellite cell function in the portacaval anastamosis rat. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol.2004 ;287:G1124 -G1130.

Dasarathy S, Mullen KD, Conjeevaram HS, Kaminsky-Russ K, Wills LA, McCullough AJ. Preservation of portal pressure improves growth and metabolic profile in the male portacaval-shunted rat. Dig Dis Sci. 2002;47:1936 -1942.

Dasarathy S, Muc S, Hisamuddin K, et al. Altered expression of genes regulating skeletal muscle mass in the portacaval anastomosis rat. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol.2007 ;292:G1105 -G1113.

Tiberio L, Tiberio GA, Bardella L, et al. Mechanisms of interleukin-6 protection against ischemia-reperfusion injury in rat liver. Cytokine. 2006;34:131 -142.

Jaeschke H. Mechanisms of liver injury. II. Mechanisms of neutrophil-induced liver cell injury during hepatic ischemia-reperfusion and other acute inflammatory conditions. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2006;290:G1083 -G1088.

Cover C, Liu J, Farhood A, et al. Pathophysiological role of the acute inflammatory response during acetaminophen hepatotoxicity. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol.2006 ;216:98 -107.