Thromboembolism is an established complication of long-term parenteral
nutrition (PN) administration which requires central venous lines in the
pediatric population. Predisposing factors that increase the risk of
thrombosis, as well as prophylaxis and treatment guidelines in this specific
population, are not clearly defined. We performed a computerized search of
PubMed, OVID databases, and pertinent articles from reference lists of related
review papers. This review summarizes currently available data on the rates of
thromboembolism in the pediatric population receiving long-term PN and
concludes that control of factors such as location of catheter, duration of
nutrition support, and prophylaxis with heparin or anticoagulants may reduce
the rates of thrombosis in this patient population, although most data on the
matter are inconclusive.
Parenteral nutrition administration for nutrition support in pediatric patients with gastroenteropathies carries with it various complications, including thromboembolism.
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