Background: Clinical manifestations of nutrient deficiencies are often overlooked by practitioners caring for patients receiving home nutritional therapies. Methods: Literature review was conducted placing priority on identifying practical history and physical examination elements that may represent clinical manifestations of nutrient deficiency. Results: Summary tables are presented that highlight key history and physical examination elements. Conclusions: Appropriate care of the patient receiving home enteral or parenteral nutrition therapies requires routine surveillance of these elements. (Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition26:S29—S33, 2002)
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
1. Lactic acidosis traced to thiamine deficiency related to nationwide shortage of multivitamins for TPN. MMWR Morbid Mortal Wkly Rep 46:523-528, 1997
2.
2. The Role of Nutrition in Maintaining Health m the Nation s Elderly. Institute of Medicine. National Academy Press, Washington, DC, 2000
3.
3. ASPEN Board of Directors: Guidelines for use of parenteral and enteral nutrition in adult and pediatric patients. JPEN 26:1SA-138SA, 2002
5. Ervin RB, Wright JD, Kennedy-Stephenson J: Use of dietary supplement in the United States, 1988-94. Vital Health Stat11:1–14, 1999
6.
6. Stanley KE: Prognostic factors for survival in patients with inoperable lung cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst65:25–32, 1980
7.
7. DeWys WD, Begg C, Lavin PT, et al: Prognostic effect of weight loss prior to chemotherapy in cancer patients. Am J Med69:491–497, 1980
8.
8. Katz S, Downs TD, Cash HR: Progress in the development of the index of ADL. Gerontologist10:20–30, 1970
9.
9. Lawton MP, Brody EM: Assessment of older people: Self-monitoring and instrumental activities of daily living. Gerontologist9:179–186, 1969
10.
10. Detsky AS, McLaughlin Jr, Baker JP, et al: What is subjective global assessment of nutritional status?JPEN11:8–13, 1987
11.
11. Detsky AS, Smalley PS, Chang J: Is this patient malnourished?JAMA271:54–58, 1994
12.
12. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute: Obesity Education Initiative: The Evidence Report. National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 1998
13.
13. Russell DMcR, Leiter LA, Whitwell J, et al: Skeletal muscle function during hypocaloric diets and fasting: A comparison with standard nutritional assessment parameters. Am J Clin Nutr37:133–138, 1983
14.
14. Windsor JS, Hill GL: Weight loss with physiologic impairment: A basic indicator of surgical risk. Ann Surg207:290–296, 1988
15.
15. Bessey EJ, Fiatarone MA, O'Neill EF, et al: Leg extensor power and functional performance in very old men and women. Clin Sci82:321–327, 1992
16.
16. McLaren DS: Color Atlas of Nutritional Disorders. Year Book Medical Publishers, Chicago, IL,1981
17.
17. Miller SJ: Nutritional deficiency and the skin. J Am Acad Dermatol21:1–30, 1989
18.
18. Sullivan DH, Martin W, Flaxman N, et al: Oral health problems and involuntary weight loss in a population of frail elderly. J Am Geriatr Soc41:725–731, 1993
19.
19. Folstein MF, Folstein SE, McHugh SR: Mini-mental state: A practical guide for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatr Res12:189–198, 1975
20.
20. Beck AT, Beck RW: Screening depressed patients in family practice: A rapid technique. Postgrad Med81–85, 1972
21.
21. Yeasavage JA, Brink TL, Rose TL, et al: Development and validation of geriatric depression screening scale: A preliminary report. J Psychiatr Res17:37–49, 1983
22.
22. Reuben DB, Siu al: An objective measure of physical function of elderly outpatients. The physical performance test. J Am Geriatr Soc38:1105–1112, 1990
23.
23. Boosalis MG: Micronutrients. The Science and Practice of Nutrition Support: A Case-Based Core Curriculum, Gottschlich MM (ed). Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company, Dubuque, IL,2001, pp 85–106
24.
24. Anderson JB: Minerals. Krause's Food, Nutrition, and Diet Therapy, 10th ed, Mahan LK, Escott-Stump S (eds). WB Saunders Co, Philadelphia, PA,2000, pp 110–152
