The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of same-sex rivalry and inequity on retaliative aggression directed toward dyad targets. One member of the excluding pair initiated the rejection of the research participant; the other played the role of follower. The rejecting pair consisted of male initiator/female follower, male initiator/male follower, female initiator/male follower, or female initiator/female follower. The predicted "rooster" effect was demonstrated. Research participants directed more retaliative aggression toward dyads composed of male initiator/female follower than toward dyads of any other sex role composition.
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