In 1-2 Samuel Abigail of Maon, the Medium of Endor, the Wise Woman of Tekoa, and the Wise Woman of Abel all dare to confront power. The Aramaic Bible, the Targum Jonathan; ancient Rabbinic sources; as well as the Church Fathers refer to them and draw different conclusions from their actions.
Ambrose. 1969. “Duties of the Clergy.”Nicene and Post Nicene Church Fathers, vol. 10. Grand Rapids, MI: William B. Eerdmans.
2.
“Ambrose to Irenaeus, Letter 74”1954. Letters to Laymen, Fathers of the Church, Saint Ambrose Letters, translated byMary M.Beyenka. Washington DC: Catholic University of America Press.
3.
Augustine. 1887“Against Faustus, a Manichean”translated byRichardStothert. Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers. [Schaff] Edinburgh: T&T Clark. (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans).
4.
Augustine. 1953. “Letter 158”, “Letter 159”Fathers of the Church, Letters, vol. 8, translated byWilfridParsons. Washington DC: Catholic University of America Press.
5.
Augustine. 1887. “On the Soul and Its Origin.”Nicene and Post Nicene Fathers of the Christian Church, vol. 5Anti-Pelagian Writings, edited byPaulSchaff. New York, NY: Charles Scribner’s.
Baskin, J. R.1983. Pharaoh’s Counsellors: Job, Jethro, and Balaam in Rabbinic and Patristic Tradition. Brown Judaica Series 47. Chico, CA: Scholars Press.
8.
(BDB)1907. Brown, F., S. R.Driver, C. A.Briggs, Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
9.
Bede. 1962. “Four Books on 1 Samuel,”Badae Venerabilis Opera, Pars II. Editores Pontificii. Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols.
10.
Berlin, A.2003. “Writing a Commentary for a Jewish Audience.” Pp. 9–16 in The Book of Esther in Modern Research, edited byS. W.Crawford & L. J.Greenspoon, London: T. & T. Clark.
11.
Bronner, L. L.1994. From Eve to Esther: Rabbinic Reconstructions of Biblical Women. Louisville, KY: Westminster John Knox.
12.
Cassian, John. 1997. “On God’s Protection.”The Conferences, Thirteenth Conference. “On Making Promises.” The Conferences, Seventeenth Conference, Ancient Christian Writers, translated byBonifaceRamsey. New York: Paulist.
Chrysostom, John. 1888. “Homilies on the Gospel of Saint Matthew,”Nicene and Post-Nicene Church Fathers, vol. 10edited byPaulSchaff. New York, NY: Christian Literature.
15.
Franke, J. R. (ed.). 2005. Ancient Christian Commentary on Scripture, IV, Joshua, Judges, Ruth, 1–2 Samuel. Downer’s Grove, IL: InterVarsity.
16.
Hirschman, M.1996. A Rivalry of Genius. Jewish and Christian Biblical Interpretation in Late Antiquity,, translated byB.Stein. Albany, NY: State University of New York.
17.
JustinMartyr. 1926. “Dialogue with Trypho”Ante-Nicene Fathers, vol. 1. New York, NY: Charles Scribner’s.
Midrash on Psalms. 1959, vol. 1, translated byW. G.Braude, New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
20.
Midrash Rabbah. (The Midrash). 1939. Edited by. H.Freedman, M.Simon, & J. J.Slotki. London, UK: Soncino. Deuteronomy, Ecclesiastes, Genesis, Leviticus.
21.
Midrash Tanhuma, Exodus and Leviticus. 1997, vol. 2 of Midrash Tanhuma: S. Buber Recension, translated byJohn T.Townsend. Hoboken, NJ: Ktav,
22.
Midrash Tanhuma, Numbers and Deuteronomy. 2003. Vol. 3 of Midrash Tanhuma: S. Buber Recension, translated byJohn T.Townsend. Hoboken, NJ: Ktav.
23.
Midrash Tanhuma-Yelammedenu. 1996. Genesis and Exodus: An English Translation of Genesis and Exodus from the Printed Version of Tanhuma-Yelammedenu, edited and translated bySamuelBerman. Hoboken, NJ: Ktav.
24.
Origen. 1998. “Homily on 1 Kings 28 [1 Samuel 28].”Fathers of the Church: Origen. Homilies on Jeremiah. Homily on 1 Kings 28 [1 Samuel 28], vol. 97, translated byJohn. C.Smith. Washington, DC: Catholic University of America.
Pirke de Rabbi Eliezer. 1981. (The Chapters of Rabbi Eliezer the Great): According to the Text of the Manuscript Belonging to Abraham Epstein of Vienna. Translated byGeraldFriedlander. Judaic Studies Library 6 New York: Sepher-Hermon.
27.
Porton, G. G.1992. “Midrash.”Anchor Yale Bible Dictionary, D. N.Freedman, Ed. New York: Doubleday.
Targum Jonathan of the Former Prophets. The Aramaic Bible, vol. 10. 1987. Trans. Daniel J.Harrington and Anthony J.Saldarini. Wilmington, DE: Michael Glazier.
30.
Tertullian. 1885. “On the Soul,”translated byPeterHolmes. Ante-Nicene Fathers, vol. 3, edited byAlexanderRoberts, JamesDonaldson, & A. ClevelandCoxe. Buffalo, NY: Christian Literature Publishing Co., 1885. Revised and edited for New Advent by Kevin Knight. http://www.newadvent.org/fathers/0310.htm.
31.
Tigay, J. H.1996. The JPS Torah Commentary, Deuteronomy. Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society.
32.
Valler, S.1994. “King David and ‘his’ Women: Biblical Stories and Talmudic Discussions.”A Feminist Companion to Samuel and Kings, edited byA.Brenner. Sheffield: Sheffield Academic.
