The article surveys early references to the story of Adam and Eve, which are
surprisingly few in number, beginning only around 200 bce, with the
Book of Tobit. The common notion that Adam was punished by death for his sin is
verified neither in Genesis 2–3 itself (and the surrounding chapters) nor
in any pre-Pauline texts. Paul's focus on Adam's sin was out of
the ordinary, and his conclusion that he was punished by some kind of death does
not resemble interpretations in any other contemporary source, including Philo.
The equally common idea that the Devil was assumed to participate in causing
Adam's sin does not occur in early texts (for instance, Wisdom or the
books of the New Testament), being first found in Justin Martyr. Therefore,
assessments of biblical theology that depend on these concepts should be
emended.
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2.
AndersenFrancis I.1983. “2 (Slavonic Apocalypse of)
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3.
AndersonGary A.2001. The Genesis of Perfection: Adam and Eve in Jewish and
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6.
BergShane.
2013. “Ben Sira, the Genesis Creation
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7.
BlenkinsoppJoseph.
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8.
BouteneffPeter C.2008. Beginnings: Ancient Christian Readings of the
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9.
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Its Nature as Portrayed in Second Temple Literature.
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BuntaSilviu N.2009. “Adam (Person), II, Judaism.”
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12.
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13.
CampClaudia V.2013. Ben Sira and the Men Who Handle Books: Gender and the
Rise of Canon-Consciousness. Sheffield,
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14.
CharlesworthJames H.2010. The Good and Evil Serpent: How a Universal Symbol
Became Christianized. New Haven, CT:
Yale University Press.
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16.
ChazonEsther Glickler.
1997. “The Creation and Fall of Adam in
the Dead Sea Scrolls.” pp.
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FrishmanJudithVan RompayLucas.
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17.
CollinsJohn J.2004. “Before the Fall: The Earliest
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18.
de JongeMarinus.
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19.
deSilvaDavid.
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20.
DunnJames D.G.2009. “Adam (Person), III, New
Testament.” Cols. 306–11 in Klauck et al.
21.
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Paul.” pp.
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23.
EllisTeresa Ann.
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24.
EnnsPeter.
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Doesn't Say about Human Origins. Grand
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25.
Fletcher-LouisCrispin H.T.2002. All the Glory of Adam: Liturgical Anthropology
in the Dead Sea Scrolls. STDJ 42.
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26.
García MartínezFlorentino.
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Lenses. Berlin, Germany:
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HarringtonDaniel J.1985. “Pseudo-Philo.” pp.
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JosephSimon L.2013. “‘Love your enemies’: The
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LearoydW. H. A.1939-1940. “The Envy of the Devil in Wisdom
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