Eye on Diabetes

Prevent Blindness America. Vision health news . http://www.preventblindness.org/news/releases/diabetes_2005.htm . Accessed September 3, 2006.

Diabetes Control and Complications Trial Research Group. The relationship of glycemic exposure (HbA1c) to the risk of development and progression of retinopathy in the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial. Diabetes. 1995;44:968-983.

Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study Research Group. Early photocoagulation for diabetic retinopathy: ETDRS Report Number 9. Ophthalmology. 1991 ;98:766-785.

Ferris FL III , Davis MD , Aiello LM Treatment of diabetic retinopathy . N Engl J Med. 1999; 341:667-678.

Fong DS , Aiello L. , Gardner TW , et al; for the American Diabetes Association. Position statement: retinopathy in diabetes. Diabetes Care . 2004;27:S84-S87.

UK Prospective Diabetes Study Group. Tight blood pressure control and risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 38). Br Med J. 1998 ;317:703-713.

Aiello LM Perspectives on diabetic retinopathy. Am J Ophthalmol . 2003;136:122-125.

Aiello LP , Cahill MT , Wong JS Systemic considerations in the management of diabetic retinopathy. Am J Ophthalmol. 2001;132:760-776.

National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health. National Eye Health Education Program. http://www.nei.nih.gov/nehep/index.htm. Accessed March 15, 2004.

Optometric Clinical Practice Guidelines. Care of patients with diabetes. 2002. http://www.aoa.org/documents/CPG-3.pdf . Accessed June 25, 2007.

National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health. Diabetic eye disease: how much do you know? http://www.nei.nih.gov/health/ded_quiz/index.asp. Accessed September 1, 2006.

Bradley C. Handbook of Psychology and Diabetes. Singapore: Harwood Academic Publishers; 1994.

Emanuele N. , Sacks J. , Klein R. , et al; and the Veterans Affairs Diabetes Trial Group. Ethnicity, race, and baseline retinopathy correlates in the Veterans Affairs Diabetes Trial . Diabetes Care. 2005;28:1954-1958.

Harris MI , Klein R. , Cowie CC , Rowland M. , Byrd-Holt DD Is the risk of diabetic retinopathy greater in non-Hispanic blacks and Mexican Americans than in non-Hispanic whites with type 2 diabetes? A U. S. population study. Diabetes Care. 1998 ;21:1230-1235.

Haffner SM , Fong D. , Stern MP , et al. Diabetic retinopathy in Mexican Americans and non-Hispanic whites . Diabetes. 1988;37: 878-884.

Lanting LC , Joung IMA , Mackenbach JP , Lamberts SWJ , Bootsma AH Ethnic differences in mortality, end-stage complications, and quality of care among diabetic patients: a review. Diabetes Care. 2005;28:2280-2288.