Emerging Treatments for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Zander M. , Madsbad S. , Madsen JL , Holst JJ Effect of 6-week course of glucagon-like peptide 1 on glycaemic control, insulin sensitivity, and beta-cell function in type 2 diabetes: a parallel-group study . Lancet. 2002;359:824-830.

Larsen J. , Hylleberg B. , Ng K. , Damsbo P. Glucagon-like peptide-1 infusion must be maintained for 24h/day to obtain acceptable glycemia in type 2 diabetic patients who are poorly controlled on sulfonylurea treatment. Diabetes Care. 2001;24:1416-1421.

Kolterman OG , Buse JB , Fineman MS , et al. Synthetic exendin-4 (exenatide) significantly reduces postprandial and fasting plasma glucose in subjects with type 2 diabetes . J Clin Endocrinol Metab.2003;88:3082-3089.

Buse JB , Henry RR , Han J. , et al. Effects of exenatide (exendin-4) on glycemic control over 30 weeks in sulfonylurea-treated patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2004;27:2628-2635.

DeFronzo RA , Ratner RE , Han J. , et al. Effects of exenatide (exendin-4) on glycemic control over 30 weeks in metformin-treated patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2005;28: 1092-1100.

Kendall DM , Riddle MC , Rosenstock J. , et al. Effects of exenatide (exendin-4) on glycemic control over 30 weeks in patients with type 2 diabetes treated with metformin and a sulfonylurea . Diabetes Care. 2005;28:1083-1091.

Blonde L. , Klein EJ , Han J. , et al. Interim analysis of the effects of exenatide treatment on A1C, weight and cardiovascular risk factors over 82 weeks in 314 overweight patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2006;8:436-447.

Madsbad S. , Schmitz O. , Ranstam J. , Jakobsen G. , Matthews DR , NN2211-1310 International Study Group. Improved glycemic control with no weight increase in patients with type 2 diabetes after once-daily treatment with the long-acting glucagon-like peptide 1 analog liraglutide (NN2211): a 12-week, double-blind, randomized, controlled trial. Diabetes Care . 2004;27: 1335-1342.

Harder H. , Nielsen L. , Tu DT , Astrup A. The effect of liraglutide, a long-acting glucagon-like peptide 1 derivative, on glycemic control, body composition, and 24-h energy expenditure in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care.2004;27:1915-1921.

Vilsboll T. , Zdravkovic M. , Le-Thi T. , et al. Liraglutide significantly improves glycemic control, and lowers body weight without risk of either major or minor hypoglycemic episodes in subjects with type 2 diabetes. In: Program and Abstracts of the 66th Annual Meeting of the American Diabetes Association; June 9-13, 2006 ; Washington, DC. Abstract 115-OR.

Vilsboll T. , Zdravkovic M. , Le-Thi T. , et al. Liraglutide treatment, blood pressure and biomarkers of cardiovascular risk in patients with type 2 diabetes: 14 weeks monotherapy study. In: Program and Abstracts of the 66th Annual Meeting of the American Diabetes Association ; June 9-13, 2006; Washington, DC. Abstract 2007-PO.

Herman GA , Stevens C. , Van Dyck K. , et al. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of sitagliptin, an inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidase IV, in healthy subjects: results from two randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies with single oral doses. Clin Pharmacol Ther.2005;78:675-688.

Bergman AJ , Stevens C. , Zhou Y. , et al. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of multiple oral doses of sitagliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase-IV inhibitor: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study in healthy male volunteers. Clin Ther.2006;28:55-72.

Aschner P. , Kipnes M. , Lunceford J. , Mickel C. , Davies M. , Williams-Herman D. Sitagliptin monotherapy improved glycemic control in the fasting and postprandial states and beta cell function after 24 weeks in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). In: Program and Abstracts of the 66th Annual Meeting of the American Diabetes Association; June 9-13, 2006 ; Washington, DC. Abstract 1995-PO.

Ahrén B. , Landin-Olsson M. , Jansson PA , Svensson M. , Holmes D. , Schweizer A. Inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 reduces glycemia, sustains insulin levels, and reduces glucagon levels in type 2 diabetes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab.2004;89:2078-2084.

Dejager S. , Lebeaut A. , Couturier A. , Schweizer A. Sustained reduction in HbA1c during one-year treatment with vildagliptin in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). In: Program and Abstracts of the 66th Annual Meeting of the American Diabetes Association ; June 9-13, 2006; Washington, DC. Abstract 120-OR.

Karasik A. , Charbonnel B. , Ji Liu J. , Wu M. , Meehan A. , Meininger G. Sitagliptin added to ongoing metformin therapy enhanced glycemic control and beta-cell function in patients with type 2 diabetes. In: Program and Abstracts of the 66th Annual Meeting of the American Diabetes Association ; June 9-13, 2006; Washington, DC. Abstract 501-P.

Rosenstock J. , Baron M. , Schweizer A. , et al. Vildagliptin is as effective as rosiglitazone in lowering HbA1c but without weight gain in drug-naive patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). In: Program and Abstracts of the 66th Annual Meeting of the American Diabetes Association; June 9-13, 2006; Washington, DC. Abstract 557-P.

Stein P. Sitagliptin, a novel dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, improves glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes. Late-breaking abstract. In: Program and Abstracts of the 66th Annual Meeting of the American Diabetes Association; June 9-13, 2006; Washington, DC.

Ahrén B. , Gomis R. , Standl E. , Mills D. , Schweizer A. Twelve- and 52-week efficacy of the dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitor LAF237 in metformin-treated patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2004;27:2874-2880.

Fonseca V. , Dejager S. , Albrecht D. , Shirt L. , Schweizer A. Vildagliptin as add-on to insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) . In: Program and Abstracts of the 66th Annual Meeting of the American Diabetes Association; June 9-13, 2006; Washington, DC. Abstract 467-P.

Duttaroy A. , Voelker F. , Merriam K. , Zhang X. , Ren X. , Burkey B. The DPP-4 inhibitor vildagliptin increases pancreatic beta cell neogenesis and decreases apoptosis . In: Program and Abstracts of the 65th Scientific Sessions of the American Diabetes Association ; June 10-14, 2005; San Diego, Calif. Abstract 572-P.