A Validation Study of a Self-Administered Questionnaire to Identify Increased Risk for Foot Ulceration or Amputation Among People With Diabetes

Duffy JC , Patout CA. Management of the insensitive foot in diabetes: lessons learned from Hansen’s disease. Milit Med. 1990;155: 575-579.

Humphrey L , Palumbo PJ , Butters MA , et al. The contribution of non-insulin dependent diabetics to lower-extremity amputation in the community. Arch Intern Med. 1994;154:885-892.

Boulton A , Vileikyte L. The diabetic foot: the scope of the problem. J Fam Pract. 2000; 49(suppl 1):S3-S8.

Diabetes Surveillance. Annual 1990 Report. Atlanta, Ga: Division of Diabetes Translation, Centers for Disease Control; 1990:24, 93.

Goldner MG: The fate of the second leg in the diabetic amputee. Diabetes. 1960;9:100-103.

Woolridge J , Moreno L. Evaluation of the costs of medicare of covering therapeutic shoes for diabetic patients. Diabetes Care. 1994;17:541-547.

Department of Veterans Affairs Fact Sheet. Available at: www.va.gov/pressrel/diabtsfs.htm. Accessed October 2004.

VHA Prevention/Amputation Care and Treatment (PACT) Program Directives. Washington, DC: Dept of Veterans Affairs; 1996. Publication 96-007.

US Department of Health and Human Services. Healthy People 2010. Conference ed, vol. 1. Washington, DC: US Dept of Health and Human Services; January 2000.

Senior R. On two feet. Advances for Physical Therapists and PT Assistants. April 15, 2002: 39-40.

Amstrong DG , Lavery LA , Vela SA , et al. Choosing a practical screening instrument to identify patients at risk for diabetic foot ulcerations. Arch Intern Med. 1998;158:289-292.

Birke JA , Rolfsen RJ. Evaluation of a self administered sensory testing tool to identify patients at risk of diabetes-related foot problems. Diabetes Care. 1998;21:23-25.

Pham H , Armstrong DG , Harvey C , et al. Screening techniques to identify people at high risk for diabetic foot ulceration: a prospective multicenter trial. Diabetes Care. 2000;23: 606-611.

Rith-Najarian SJ , Stolusky T , Gohdes DM. Identifying diabetic patients at high risk for lower-extremity amputation in a primary health care setting. Diabetes Care. 1992;15: 1386-1389.

Peters E , Lavery LA. Effectiveness of the diabetic foot risk classification system of the International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot. Diabetes Care. 2001;24: 1442-1446.

McArthur JH. The reliability and validity of the subjective peripheral neuropathy screen. J Assoc Nurs AIDS Care. 1998;9:84-89.

Hulley SB , Cummings SR , Browner WS , et al. Designing Clinical Research. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2001:65-69.

Grimm LG , Yarnold PR. Reading and understanding multivariate statistics. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association; 1995: 99-134.

Levin S , Pearsall G , Ruderman RJ. Von Frey’s method of measuring pressure sensibility in the hand: an engineering analysis of the Weinstein-Semmes Pressure Aesthesiometer. J Hand Surg. 1978;3:211-216.

Centers for Disease Control . National estimates on diabetes. Available at: www.cdc.gov/diabetes/pubs/estimates.htm. Accessed October 2004.