SurattPM, WilhoitSC, CooperK.Induction of airway collapse with subatmospheric pressure in awake patients with sleep apnea. J appl Physiol1984; 57:140–6.
8.
HaponikEF, SmithPL., BohlmanME, Computerized tomography in obstructive sleep apnea. Correlation of airway size with physiology during sleep and wakefulness. Am Rev Respir Dis1983; 127:221–6.
9.
SurrattPM, DeeP, AtkinsonRL, Fluoroscopic and computed tomographic features of the pharyngeal airway in obstructive sleep apnea. Am Rev Respir Dis1983; 127:487–92.
10.
ShepardJWJr., StansonAW, SheedyPF, Fast-CT evaluation of the upper airway during wakefulness in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Amer Rev Respir Dis1989; 139:A372.
11.
RyanCFP, LoweAA, FleethamJA. Magnetic resonance imaging of the upper airway in obstructive sleep apnea. Am Rev Respir Dis1989; 139:A373.
12.
RodenstcinDO, ThomasY, LiistroG, Pharyngeal shape and size in snoring and sleep apnea. Am Rev Respir Dis1989; 139:A373.
13.
deBerry-BorowieckiB, KukwaA, BlanksRH. Cephalometric analysis for diagnosis and treatment of obstructive sleep apnea. Laryngoscope1988; 98:226–34.
LybergT, KrogstadO, DjupeslandG.Cephalometric analysis in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Journal Laryngology and Otology1989; 103:287–92.
16.
PartinenM, GuilleminaultC, Quera-SalvaMA, Obstructive sleep apnea and cephalometric roentgenograms. The role of anatomic upper airway abnormalities in the definition of abnormal breathing during sleep. Chest1988; 93:1199–1205.
17.
RileyR, GuilleminaultC, HerranJ, Cephalometric analysis and flow-volume loops in obstructive sleep apnea patients. Sleep1983; 6:303–11.
ChabanR, ColeP, HoffsteinV.Site of upper airway obstruction in patients with idiopathic obstructive sleep apnea. Laryngoscope1988; 98:641–7.
20.
HudgelDW. Variable site of airway narrowing among obstructive sleep apnea patients. J Appl Physiol1986; 61:1403–9.
21.
SteinMG, GamsuG, DeGeerG, Line CT in obstructive sleep apnea. AJR1987; 148:1069, 1074.
22.
HoffsteinV, ZamelN, PhillipsonEA. Lung volume dependence of pharyngeal cross-sectional area in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Am Rev Respir Dis1984; 130:175–8.
23.
RivlinJ, HoffsteinV, KalbfleishJ.Upper airway morphology in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Am Rev Respir Dis1984; 129:355–60.
24.
SurattPM, MatierRF, WilhoitSC. Collapsibility of the nasopharyngeal airway in obstructive sleep apnea. Am Rev Respir Dis1985; 132:967–71.
25.
KatsantonisGP, MassCS, WalshJK. The predictive value of the Mueller maneuver in uvulopalatopharyngoplasty. Laryngoscope1989; 99:677–80.
26.
SherAE, ThorpyMJ, ShprintzenRJ, Predictive value of Mueller maneuver in selection of patients for uvulopalatopharyngoplasty. Laryngoscope1987; 95:1483–7.
27.
KatsantonisGP, WalshJK. Somnofluoroscopy: Its role in the selection of candidates for uvulopalatopharyngoplasty. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg1986; 94:56–60.
28.
HudgelDW, HarasickT, KatzRL, Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty in obstructive sleep apnea: Value of preoperative localization of site of upper airways narrowing during sleep. Am Rev Respir Dis1991; 143:942–6.
29.
OremJ, LydicK.Upper airway function during sleep and wakefulness: experimental studies of normal and anesthetized cats. Sleep1978; 1:49–68.
30.
SauerlandSK, HarperRM. The human tongue during sleep: Electromyographic activity of the genioglossus muscle. Exp Neurol1976; 51:160–70.
31.
TabachnikE, MullerNL, BryanAC, Changes in ventilation and chest wall mechanics during sleep in normal adolescents. J Appl Physiol1981; 51:557–64.
32.
WhiteDP. Occlusion pressure and ventilation during sleep in normal humans. J Appl Physiol1986; 61:1279–87.
33.
AronsonRM, ErgunO, CarleyDW, Upper airway and respiratory muscle responses to continuous negative airway pressure. J Appl Physiol1989; 66:1373–82.
34.
HudgelDW, MulhollandM, HendricksC.Neuromuscular and mechanical responses to inspiratory resistive loading during sleep. J Appl Physiol1987; 63:603–8.
35.
CarloWA, MartinRJ, DifioreJM. Differences in CO threshold of respiratory muscles in preterm infants. J Appl Physiol1988; 65:2434–9.
36.
HudgelDW, ChapmanKR, FaulksC, Changes in inspiratory muscle electrical activity and upper airway resistance during periodic breathing induced by hypoxia during sleep. Am Rev Respir Dis1987; 135:899–906.
37.
HudgelDW, HendricksC, DadleyA.Alteration in obstructive apnea pattern induced by changes in oxygen and carbon dioxide-inspired concentrations. Am Rev Respir Dis1988; 138:16–19.
38.
ReedWR, RobertsJL, ThackBT. Factors influencing regional patency and configuration of the human infants upper airway. J Appl Physiol1985; 58:635–44.
39.
SchwartzAR, SmithPL, WiseRA, Effect of positive nasal pressure on upper airway pressure-flow relationships. J Appl Physiol1976; 66:1626–34.
40.
ParisiRA, WasickoJM, HuttDA, Mucosal vasoconstriction increases pharyngeal size in normal subjects. Am Rev Respir Dis1989; 139:A374.
41.
HuttDA, WasickoMJ, ParisiJA, Effects of vascular tone on pharyngeal size independent of skeletal muscle activity. Am Rev Respir Dis1989; 139:A374.
42.
OlsonLG, StrohlKP. Airway secretions influence upper airway patency in the rabbit. Am Rev Respir Dis1988; 137:1379–81.
43.
RemmersJE, DegrootWR, SauerlandED, Pathogenesis of upper airway occlusion during sleep. J Appl Physiol1978; 44:931–8.
44.
HudgelDW, HarasickT.Fluctuation in timing of upper airway and chest wall inspiratory muscle activity in obstructive sleep apnea. J Appl Physiol1990; 69:443–50.