This article presents the results of statistical analyses of the scores on subtests of the Intelligence Test for Visually Impaired Children—a new test with nonverbal subtests for children aged 6–15. The analyses were conducted for two vision groups: children with no usable vision and children with usable vision. The classification is based on the results of a short, objective vision test. The results suggest that the battery has differential—factorial and predictive—validity.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
BaumanM.K. (1974a). Blind and partially sighted. In WislandM. (Ed.), Psychoeducational diagnosis of exceptional children.Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas.
2.
BaumanM.K. (1974b). Psychological and educational assessment. In LowenfeldB. (Ed.), The visually handicapped child in school.London: Constable.
3.
BleichrodtN., ResingW.C.M., DrenthP.J.D., & ZaalJ.N. (1987). Het meten van niveau en structuur van de intelligentie bij kinderen: empirische en methodologische verantwoording van de geReviseerde Amsterdamse Kinder Intelligentie Test.Lisse, The Netherlands: Swets & Zeitlinger.
4.
BrandJ.J., PieterseM.J., & FrostM. (1986). Reliability and validity of the Ohwaki-Kohs Tactile Block Design Test for the Blind.Psychological Reports, 58, 375–380.
5.
CatonH. (1983). Test manual. The tactile test of basic concepts: A tactile analog to the Boehm Test of Basic Concepts, Form A.Louisville, KY: American Printing House for the Blind.
6.
ChaseJ.B. (1983). Tactile assessment of performance: A battery of cognitive perceptual subtests for assessment by touch.Research proposal. Piscataway, NJ: Department of Psychiatry, Rutgers Medical School.
7.
CovenyT.E. (1976). Standardized tests for visually handicapped children: A review of research.New Outlook for the Blind, 70, 232–236.
8.
CronbachL.J. (1984). Essentials of psychological testing (4th ed.). New York: Harper & Row.
9.
DautermanW. (1969). Manual for the Stanford multimodality imagery test.New York: American Foundation for the Blind.
10.
DautermanW., ShapiroB., & SuinnR. (1967). Performance tests of intelligence for the blind reviewed.International Journal for the Education of the Blind, 17, 8–16.
11.
DekkerR. (1991). Visually handicapped children and haptic intelligence. Manuscript submitted for publication.
12.
DekkerR. (1987). Intelligentie van visueel gehandicapte kinderen in de leeftijd van 6 tot 15 jaar.Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Free University Press.
13.
DekkerR., DrenthP.J.D., & ZaalJ.N. (1988). A nonverbal intelligence test series for blind and low vision children aged 6 to 15 years: Intelligence Test for Visually Handicapped Children (ITVIC). Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Vrije Universiteit A & O Psychologie.
14.
DekkerR., DrenthP.J.D., & ZaalJ.N. (1989). Handleiding bij de Intelligentie test voor Visueel gehandicapte kinderen (ITVIK). Zeist, The Netherlands: Vereniging Bartiméus.
15.
DekkerR., DrenthP.J.D., ZaalJ.N., & KooleF.D. (1990). An intelligence test series for blind and low vision children.Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness, 84, 71–76.
16.
De LeeuwL., & ResingW. (1985). Intelligentieonderzoek op school. In CreemersH., DrenthP.J.D., KallenD., SpanP., Vanden-bergheR., & WielemansW. (Eds.), Losbladig Onderwijskundig Lexicon.Alphen a/d Rijn: Samsom, IO 2100/1.
17.
De ZeeuwJ. (1978). Algemene Psychodiagnostiek II: Testtheorie.Lisse, The Netherlands: Swets & Zeitlinger.
18.
DrenthP.J.D. (1975). Inleiding in de Testtheorie.Psychologische Monografieën. Deventer, The Netherlands: Van Loghum Slaterus.
19.
DrenthP.J.D. (1983). Cultuur en intelligentie: een psychometrische optiek.Mededelingen der Koninklijke Nederlandse Academie van Wetenschappen, 46(5).
20.
EysenckH.J. (1988). The concept of “Intelligence”: Useful or useless?Intelligence, 12, 1–16.
GuilfordJ.P. (1971). The nature of human intelligence.London: McGraw-Hill.
23.
GuilfordJ.P., & HoepfnerR. (1971). The analysis of intelligence.New York: McGraw-Hill.
24.
HallA., SchollG.T., & SwallowR. (1986). Psychoeducational assessment. In SchollG.T. (Ed.), Foundations of education for blind and visually handicapped children and youth: Theory and practice.New York: American Foundation for the Blind.
25.
HatwellY. (1978). Form perception and related issues in blind humans. In HeldR., LeibowitzH., & TeuberH. (Eds.), Handbook of sensory physiology: Perception.New York: Springer Verlag.
26.
KailR., & PellegrinoJ.W. (1985). Human intelligence: Perspectives and prospects.New York: W.H. Freeman.
27.
KarsonM.J. (1982). Multivariate statistical methods.Ames: Iowa State University Press.
28.
KaufmanA.S. (1979). Intelligent testing with the WISC-R.New York: John Wiley & Sons.
29.
MillerL. (1977). Abilities structure of congenitally blind persons: A factor analysis.Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness, 71, 145–154.
30.
MommersM. (1973a). Braille-leestests: Handleiding.Nijmegen, The Netherlands: Instituut voor Onderwijskunde.
31.
MommersM. (1973b). Braille-leestests: Verantwoording.Nijmegen, The Netherlands: Instituut voor Onderwijskunde.
32.
MommersM. (1977). Lezen met de vingers.SVO-reeks, The Hague: Staatsuitgerverij.
33.
MommersM., & SmitsB. (1975). Comparison of the performances of blind and sighted children on the verbal part of the WISC.Sehgeschädigte, No. 7, 21–38.
34.
NewlandT. (1971). Blind Learning aptitude test: Manual.Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press.
35.
NieN., HullC., JenkinsJ., SteinbrennerK., & BentD. (1975). Statistical package for the social sciences (2nd Ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
36.
NunnallyJ.C. (1978). Psychometric theory (2nd Ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
37.
PedhazurE. (1982). Multiple regression in behavioral research: Explanation and prediction.New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston.
38.
ShurragerH.C., & ShurragerP.S. (1964). HISAB manual: Haptic intelligence scale for adult blind.Chicago: Psychology Research Technology Center.
39.
SnowR.E., KyllonenP.C., & MarshalekB. (1984). The topography of ability and learning correlations. In SternbergR.J. (Ed.), Advances in the psychology of human intelligence (Vol. 2). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
40.
SternbergR.J. (1985). Beyond IQ.New York: Cambridge University Press.
41.
SternbergR.J., & PowellJ.S. (1982). Theories of intelligence. In SternbergR.J. (Ed.), Handbook of human intelligence.Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.
42.
SuinnR., & DautermanW. (1966). Stanford-Ohwaki-Kohs Block Design Intelligence Test for the Blind: Manual.Los Angeles: Western Psychological Services.
43.
Ten BergeJ.M. (1977). Optimizing factorial invariance. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, RijksuniversiteitGroningen, The Netherlands.
