The use of chloral hydrate as a sedative to enable electrodiagnostic testing of hyperkinetic children is discussed, and procedures for the administration of chloral hydrate are described. Case examples are presented to illustrate that assessment during the sleep-induced state enables further counseling regarding spasmus nutans, optic nerve hyoplasia, and Leber's congenital amaurosis. Management based on comparative electroretinogram and visual-evoked-response recordings is emphasized.
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